{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/z60bv7bk83/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["George Rushfield Oral History"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/010/original/Aviary_QPLlogo_192x192.png?1578574261","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 1: \u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield, a longtime inhabitant of Kew Gardens Hills, makes it clear which sports teams a Flushing resident must root for.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 2: \u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield describes some changes to his neighborhood in Kew Gardens Hills over time. Although there has been a large Jewish population for many years, a recent influx of Orthodox families from Brooklyn have made the area a more Sabbath-observing community.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 3: \u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield, a Queens College alum and longtime resident of Kew Gardens Hills, discusses his teaching career in the schools of Flushing. He taught in J.H.S. 218 on Main Street until it was closed, then transferred to J.H.S. 189 in downtown Flushing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary of Full Interview\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGeorge Rushfield has lived in the Kew Gardens Hills section of Flushing, very near Queens College, since 1955. A retired teacher, he and both his children are Queens alumni. He reflects on how the neighborhood has developed over the years. Although it is not as predominantly Jewish as it was when he moved in -- \"many other ethnicities now make their home here,\" he notes -- the influx of Orthodox families means many local businesses are closed on the Sabbath.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Rushfield passed away in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e (supplement)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCC BY-NC-SA Contact digitalarchives@queenslibrary.org for research and reproduction requests.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["http://digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org/search/browse/20679"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2012-04-29 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Tags"]},"value":{"en":["Queens College Alumni"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["George Rushfield (Interviewee)","Robert I. Lee (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["1955-2012 (temporal)","Kew Gardens Hills, Flushing, Queens, NY (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 1:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield, a longtime inhabitant of Kew Gardens Hills, makes it clear which sports teams a Flushing resident must root for.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 2:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield describes some changes to his neighborhood in Kew Gardens Hills over time. Although there has been a large Jewish population for many years, a recent influx of Orthodox families from Brooklyn have made the area a more Sabbath-observing community.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 3:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e George Rushfield, a Queens College alum and longtime resident of Kew Gardens Hills, discusses his teaching career in the schools of Flushing. He taught in J.H.S. 218 on Main Street until it was closed, then transferred to J.H.S. 189 in downtown Flushing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary of Full Interview\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eGeorge Rushfield has lived in the Kew Gardens Hills section of Flushing, very near Queens College, since 1955. A retired teacher, he and both his children are Queens alumni. He reflects on how the neighborhood has developed over the years. Although it is not as predominantly Jewish as it was when he moved in -- \"many other ethnicities now make their home here,\" he notes -- the influx of Orthodox families means many local businesses are closed on the Sabbath.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Rushfield passed away in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCC BY-NC-SA\u0026nbsp;Contact digitalarchives@queenslibrary.org for research and reproduction requests.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Queens Public Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Queens Public Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/010/original/Aviary_QPLlogo_192x192.png?1578574261","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/098/137/small/rushfield_george_portrait-0.jpg?1601894246","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98137","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 4 - 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Mr. Rushfield, do you consent to have this interview audited by Professor Betty Weidman and the Oral History class English 395?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2.0,15.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=15.0,16.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Thank you. I know that even though you grew up in Brooklyn, you moved to Queens in 1955. Can you tell me about that move to Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=16.0,27.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: We were living in Highland Park, New Jersey, at that time. We moved there after our marriage. We moved there in 1952 and we were there until 1955 when -- I taught in a Hebrew Academy called Moriah Academy in New Brunswick, New Jersey -- and we had an opportunity to get a, become the principal of a large Hebrew school in Kew Gardens Hills. And I came in for an interview and they accepted me and I had to find an apartment, and I looked around and I found what was then known as Campus Hall, which later on turned out to be Georgetown Mews when they co-oped. And at the time that we moved here, there was a strike going on, but nonetheless, I found that the neighborhood seemed to be one where I could be happy. I hoped my wife would be happy too, because I had left her behind in New Brunswick while I went apartment-seeking. And we took an apartment at 150-14 Melbourne [Avenue], a one-bedroom apartment, and we lived in the one-bedroom apartment for 12 years with two children. And then we decided we'd move to a bigger apartment. So we moved down the block to 150-14.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=27.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So you'd moved here for work reasons. And how did you find living in that one-room apartment for 12 years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=118.0,128.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It was a little crowded. We had -- my son lived, we had a sleeper in the dining area and my daughter had the second bedroom, but we managed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=128.0,144.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So you mentioned that there was a strike going on. Can you tell me more about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=144.0,149.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I think the maintenance workers wanted to unionize at that time and the owners didn't exactly favor that, but the workers finally won out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=149.0,161.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, since you've moved here at 150-14 Melbourne, can you tell me about, more about the house or about, well, your house?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=161.0,173.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: We've had many neighbors who lived here. We've been one of the longest-standing tenants in the development, but one of the families that lived here for about 20 years, we were very friendly with. And others moved in and out because this was a transient neighborhood in a sense that if you had children, it was little and you expected to have a home. You were here temporarily until you'd be able to find yourself a house. And that's what happened in many cases. But, we found that the maintenance service was very good all of these years and the development kept the grounds very nicely all of these years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=173.0,226.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, would you be able to describe the people who live in this neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=226.0,231.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It's changed over the period that I've lived here. This was predominantly, when I moved here, a Jewish American community, but there were others here too. But by and large -- I told my family about 20 years ago that I think that this is going to become a downtown Flushing area too, because downtown Flushing is very crowded and many Asians will move here. And I was right. I'd say that maybe one-third of the apartments are now occupied by Asian people and they seem to be very nice people. Their dogs are very nice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=231.0,276.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, would you say most neighbors are like you or similar? Or are you saying...would you say that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=276.0,288.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I would say that they're not similar. I have a rabbinical degree from a school in Brooklyn and I've been in Jewish education and connected with Young Israel of Kew Gardens Hills, which is a large synagogue on 150th Street and 70th Road, for many years. And, as an observant Jewish person, there are many like me who live in Kew Gardens Hills now, but we're not the average person.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=288.0,320.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So how long have you worked teaching at the Jewish synagogue at Kew Gardens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=320.0,325.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: When I came here in 1955 to be the principal of the school, we built it into a school that had over 400 students who attended public school and then in the afternoon would attend Hebrew school. But, as time went on, more and more of the people who were interested in Jewish education sent their children to Hebrew day schools. And so by 1978 we closed up shop as far as the Hebrew school was concerned. But I've been involved on an adult education level in the synagogue for all of these years until this very day. In 1996, I organized a retirees' program for Bible studies and we've been going strong since then. It's about 16 years now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=325.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: That's a very long time. I know that you attended Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=388.0,395.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=395.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Could you tell me more about that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=396.0,398.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I started out, when I came to Queens, I had only 13 credits that I had taken in City College. [Alan Wittert enters the apartment]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=398.0,406.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alan Wittert: Hi. Grandma?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=406.0,408.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: There's my...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=408.0,409.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rita Rushfield: Oh Alan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=409.0,412.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alan Wittert: Yeah, I'm just opening the door. I have to go. I'll be back in a little.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=412.0,413.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rita Rushfield: It's all right. You don't have to open the door. Mr. Lee is here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=413.0,417.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alan Wittert: Oh, OK. Sorry. [Alan Wittert leaves.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=417.0,418.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: It's all right. So you're telling me that you arrived at Queens College with 13 credits from City College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=418.0,429.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: And, I didn't enter Queens College immediately when we moved here, but the college was staring me in the face, so I said, \"Why don't I take advantage of it?\" And I started with the evening courses and I got an Associate of Arts degree. And then I went on to take courses to get a bachelor's degree -- mostly in history. And I graduated with a B.A. with my major in history and my minor in secondary education in 19--, January of 1963. I must say that I did very well because I graduated Summa Cum Laude and I became a member of Phi Beta Kappa. So did my grandson by the way, and so is my daughter. So it's a family tradition now. And, in Queens College I had an advantage over many of the other students in that I was older, I was in my 30s, and I could develop a feeling of relationship with some of the professors that the others perhaps couldn't. And maybe that helped me to get As.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=429.0,512.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: And while you were taking evening school, you were also principal, correct?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=512.0,516.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=516.0,518.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what did you do with that bachelor's degree in history and that minor with secondary ed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=518.0,524.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I finally started teaching in the public school system in 1963. No...I think it was 1963. I taught in Junior High School 218 [Harold G. Campbell Junior High School], which is on Main Street next to Bowne High School. At that time it was the junior high school. Later on in 1978, they turned the building over to...No, it was 1976, I think. [Ed. note: 1982] They turned the building over to the Law School of City University. And then I was transferred to 189 in downtown, in Flushing. [Daniel Carter] Beard Junior High School. And there I taught social studies for two years. And I wasn't, my health at that time was not very good. I asked for a sabbatical for health reasons and I didn't get it, but I took a leave of absence. And when I turned 55, I retired from that position and took a position with an organization in Brooklyn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=524.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, could you tell me about, could you tell me more about the time when you were teaching at, I couldn't hear the name, but the school that later became the CUNY Law School?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=601.0,609.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It was a school that was -- the majority of the students were Jewish at that time -- although there was a sprinkling of others too, of course. And many of them were highly motivated kids who did very well, but you had your problem kids too. And teaching on a junior high school level with children who were in their -- young teenagers. It could be a hassle, but it could be an interesting job too. My advantage was I didn't have to drive to school. I would walk down to Main Street and there I was. Also, I was, one of my jobs was pupil transportation, and I had to see, determine who got bus passes because they lived a mile or more away from the school, and who didn't get bus passes. And when I rejected them because they didn't, their parents came in very irate and they argued with me, but I stuck by my rules. I was hard-nosed about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=609.0,681.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So how did you feel about the school closing down?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=681.0,686.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I had made some very good friends there and it was with a tinge of regret that we were parting from each other. And some of them went on to teach in other schools for 20 years or more, but I was in Beard only for two years because I took a leave of absence and then I retired at age 55.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=686.0,710.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, what was it like teaching at a new school after teaching for 12 years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=710.0,716.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It was...At first I had to adjust myself. First of all, I had to drive and find a parking space. But that didn't seem to be a problem at that time. On the side streets you could find parking. I had new principals to deal with and they...But all in all, it was not too dissimilar from my previous teaching experience except that the pupil population of Beard Junior High School was a very interesting one. It was made up of children from all over the world. From South America, from Central America, from Asia, and some of the classes were very good. Some of the classes were difficult, as is with any junior high school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=716.0,773.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I know that the standards for the Department of Education today requires a master's degree to teach in public education. Did you need one when you were teaching?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=773.0,782.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes, and I got my master's degree while I was going, teaching at Beard. [Ed. note: Rushfield was teaching at JHS 218 when he got his master's degree.] I continued going to Queens and took graduate courses in the evening and during the summer. And by 1966, I had my master's degree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=782.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So could you tell me what it was like growing up around Queens College?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=807.0,813.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: First of all, the parking was terrible, but the interesting thing that I find about growing, living in Kew Gardens Hills all of these years is the way the neighborhood changed for those people who were Orthodox Jewish. When I moved here, there were only three synagogues. There was a Conservative temple on Main Street called the Kew Gardens Hills Jewish Center. There was a synagogue on 73rd Avenue, which was under the auspices of a Rabbi Gelernter, which had maybe about 50 congregants. And there was Young Israel of Kew Gardens Hills, which was then, was set up in a shack-like building on 70th Road, and which later on built the bigger building and which turned out to be one with the membership of almost 500 families. But, the neighborhood when we came here was...Main Street today is full of kosher restaurants and of Jewish schools. They didn't have them then. But as people moved away from Brooklyn and other areas where...There was, during the 1960s and '70s, there was a big outflow of Jewish people who lived in Brownsville, East New York, Williamsburg, places like that, and who moved to supposedly suburban Queens, Kew Gardens Hills. They developed a strong Jewish, Orthodox Jewish community in Kew Gardens Hills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=813.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: So that today you have dozens of synagogues. You have institutions like Touro College, the Rabbinical Seminary of America, the Yeshiva of Central Queens, all -- catering to all of those families. And on Main Street, if you go on the Sabbath, on Saturdays today, you'll find practically all of the stores are not, are closed. It's become a Sabbath-observing community. When I came here, it was far from that. You had a bar on Main Street. You had a non-kosher restaurant on Main Street. Matter of fact, there's an amusing story about our rabbi, Rabbi Fabian Schonfeld. He and his wife went into a store once, into a restaurant. They assumed that it was kosher, and then people whispering, what are they doing in here? It's not kosher. So the owner came over and told them that, listen, we can serve you, but you know we're not kosher. So they politely thanked him and walked out. But that's the way the neighborhood has changed so that today, every other block that you go, you have a kosher restaurant or you have a Hebrew bookstore or things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=928.0,1012.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: There's even a kosher, like, cafeteria. There's a place in the cafeteria at Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1012.0,1018.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1018.0,1024.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So this notice of change in the community, how would you say it developed? In waves? Or quickly? Slowly?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1024.0,1036.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: At the beginning it was a very rapid thing. We started out the Hebrew school with about 150 children. But as new families moved in to Pomonok development or Electchester development -- that's the places that were building up at that time -- and they'd send their children to our Hebrew school, so the pace was very rapid. And now you had young married people who were seeking a place to start out and they moved into Kew Gardens Hills. And over the years, some of them remained the long term, but many of them have moved to other places like the Five Towns or the suburbs in New Jersey. But by and large, many of them have remained.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1036.0,1097.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So how would you say the rest of Flushing has changed differently than your neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1097.0,1105.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Well, let me just say about this neighborhood -- I don't want to just dwell on Jewish institutions -- since I've been here, we've had Townsend Harris High School has been built up. The elementary school on Gravett Road has been built up. Queens College has expanded tremendously with new buildings and new facilities all the time. So it's expanded greatly and in Flushing, at one time you had a fairly large Jewish community, which you don't have today. It's a very hustling, bustling place with businesses, but mostly owned by Asians. And, I don't get down there too often. I'm sort of handicapped by the fact that I have spinal stenosis and Parkinson's, but...So I can't use Access-A-Ride too excessively. But I understand that it's a thriving place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1105.0,1178.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Was that the reason for your leave of absence?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1178.0,1183.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: At the time that I took my leave of absence, I had a herniated disc. I had the beginning of Parkinson's, but it was not very noticeable at that time. And I also was anemic and I was just sort of washed out because of these conditions. And I applied for one [a sabbatical] and when they denied it I said, well, I've got to take it anyway. That's when I took a leave of absence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1183.0,1220.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, what mode of transportation have you used and how has it changed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1220.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Where...I gave up my car about five years ago because I found that my right leg was not touching the brake anymore because it was sort of numb. And I haven't been to the city by subway for a long time. Now when I want to get around, I use Access-A-Ride. I call, I make reservations and they take me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1226.0,1268.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Do you know anything about the light rail that used to run up down Bowne [Street] between Flushing Main Street and Jamaica?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1268.0,1276.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: No, I don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1276.0,1277.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Me neither. So, what would you say about the parking situation? Has it changed over the years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1277.0,1284.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Over the years it's become worse; where you used to have at least on Saturdays and Sundays parking space, now Queens College has all kinds of activities going on those days and you can't find parking those days either. The development here has some limited parking space and garages, but I'm not in that picture now because I don't have a car now. But, for many people who do, it's a hassle. As a matter of fact, when Bowne High School -- not Bowne -- when Townsend Harris High School first opened, you used to have a dismissal time in the afternoon, you used to have huge crowds and it was impossible for automobiles to get through. We spoke to the elected officials to do something about it many times, and when they'd come down, they'd come down at times when there was no traffic and they say there's no problem over here. But you have cars triple parked and if you had to have an emergency vehicle to get through, it was a hassle. But that's improved somewhat. They put up traffic signals near the high school and it's become better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1284.0,1374.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: What would you say makes Flushing different from the rest of Queens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1374.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I'd say that Flushing is...First of all, the population is a very mixed population with people from all over. Different ethnicities, different backgrounds, and they seem to, by and large, to get along very well together. There are no major problems between them. And...so I don't know whether that's true of other areas as much as it is of Flushing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1380.0,1432.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, I know you worked at the synagogue in Kew Gardens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1432.0,1437.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1437.0,1437.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say that this was a specific place of worship where, that would bring people to live in Flushing, or in this neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1437.0,1448.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: For those who were interested in being observant Orthodox Jews, it definitely was a major factor. And the rabbi of the synagogue who retired recently after 60 years was a very active and charismatic person, and he attracted a lot of people to move into Kew Gardens Hills because of his reputation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1448.0,1474.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Could you tell me how long the synagogue has been there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1474.0,1478.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It's been there from 19...They're going to celebrate their 61st anniversary, so it's been there for a long time [it was founded in 1951]. We originally started, as I said, in a shed sort of building and then they built up. In 1955 when I moved here, they were beginning to put up the synagogue that they have now, which can seat about 600 people. And they put up a youth building for the Hebrew school some years later. And so that they even have a little limited parking space now where probably about six or seven cars can park. But that's not a problem because on Sabbath and holidays we don't use cars to travel. We walk or we take wheelchairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1478.0,1545.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Is there anything, what are they planning for this big 61 anniversary? Do you know? Do you know what they're doing for the big anniversary?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1545.0,1557.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: The big anniversary was last year when the rabbi retired. After 60 years he became the Rabbi Emeritus and his son took his position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1557.0,1570.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what does it mean to be from Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1570.0,1575.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: What does it mean to be from Flushing? You have to be a Mets fan. Matter of fact, I haven't been to what was then Shea Stadium. I haven't been to Citi Field yet at all. But that's one factor. You have to be a Jets fan too. About basketball, I don't know, because you'd have to choose between the Knicks and the Nets, but you take a choice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1575.0,1611.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say that's any different from saying you're from Queens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1611.0,1615.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: In that respect? I guess most Queens people are Jet fans. Most people in Queens are Met fans, so I guess it's not too different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1615.0,1633.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Is there anybody you can identify as the neighborhood leader?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1633.0,1637.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: The neighborhood leader? [Former U.S. Rep.] Gary Ackerman used to be a neighborhood leader before they changed the district. As a matter of fact, Gary Ackerman was, when he was a kid he was a student in our Hebrew school. He was known as Zach Ack Ackerman at that time. He was a wild kid, but he developed into someone who became rather prominent in political life. We had for many years the Councilman, the City Council was Morton Povman. He was elected time after time until they made two-term limits and he was replaced by others. But Nettie Mayersohn is another who was in the State Assembly, is also a political leader, and...that's all I can think of at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1637.0,1705.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So would you say there's a Queens accent which would differ from other boroughs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1705.0,1717.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I'd say that to an extent there is. People tend to shop in their local shopping areas more so than going around to Bloomingdale's and Lord and Taylor's and places like that. They find that it's convenient and you have a big choice of stores to choose from, and many services to choose from. So that it's the happy combination of both convenient city life and less crowded suburban life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1717.0,1759.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say there's a Queens accent, like a speech, like a rhythm of speech that we have that's unique?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1759.0,1768.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I wouldn't know because I grew up with a Brooklyn accent. I took a course in speech in Queens College, which to an extent rid me of my Brooklyn accent. So maybe I'm standard American now, and I find that although most, or there are many people in this neighborhood who speak Spanish, so I can't tell by that whether there's a Queens-accented Spanish or not. But I know as far as my English accent is concerned, I don't find that people who speak to me in English, unless they're from foreign places, have any accent that's not standard American.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1768.0,1819.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: This might be a little weird, but would you say you'd be able to identify someone from Flushing by sight or by sound?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1819.0,1830.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I don't think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1830.0,1833.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say because it's so diverse, or is there any particular reason why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1833.0,1841.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It's diverse. I expect that there'll be many Asians who speak English as well as I do. And then there are those who speak their native tongue -- Korean, Mandarin, Chinese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1841.0,1863.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: What would you say back then and currently the religious makeup of your neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1863.0,1870.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I would say that while when I moved here, it was largely a Jewish community. It's no longer that -- although there's still a large Jewish population here, particularly an Orthodox Jewish population here. So that you'll find that Main Street on a Sabbath is a strolling grounds for people who take their walks. But, you have many Muslims who have moved into Kew Gardens Hills. You have many Koreans who are members of Protestant churches. Which sects, there's a variety of them. There are Buddhists. There are Hindus. So it's a very diverse religious community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1870.0,1932.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So do you feel with all this diversity in religion that the people in your neighborhood are very religious? Like it's a big issue for them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1932.0,1941.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: For some people it is, but for most people I don't think it is. Those who are observant, are strictly observant. Those who are not observant are very secular.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1941.0,1962.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So could you tell me about your family and what local schools you've attended?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1962.0,1972.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I have two younger brothers. I'm the oldest of three sons. My mother always wanted a girl, but she got only boys. Matter of fact, my youngest brother is 14 years older [younger] than I am because she was longing for a girl. She already had a name picked out for it, then it turned out to be a boy. But my first, my middle brother, if we'll call him that between us, he attended Brooklyn Technical High School in Brooklyn and then he went into, he became a draftsman for a construction company and he did very well. He now is retired and lives in Maryland because his children moved there. And my younger brother was going for his Ph.D. in Columbia University when his mentor died. And the one who took over told him, listen, what do you have to knock yourself out becoming an aca...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=1972.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Academic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2040.0,2041.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Academician? Why don't you go into business? So he took his advice. He went into international banking. He was in Japan for a number of years. He headed a bank in California for a number of years. Then he went into private investments and he's done himself very well. He lives in Los Angeles near University of the city of, UCLA, and he's become the big success as far as monetarily, anyway, in the family. And he has of course his master's degree from Columbia University in international political science, but he never got his Ph.D. He took the advice and he became a banker. My son worked, graduated from Queens in a major in economics. He got a fellowship to go to Ohio State University where he got his master's degree. And he lives in Israel now since 1984 with his, he raised his family there. I have three granddaughters who each have...The three girls each have one girl apiece, so I'm a great-grandfather three times over. And he has a son who's now 20 years old who faces the prospects of being in the Israeli army, but they're living there happily. That's their home. My parents, of course -- I'm 85 now, so my parents are not around anymore. My mother died in 1993. My father died in 1977.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2041.0,2163.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: And they lived in Brooklyn still?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2163.0,2164.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: They lived in Brooklyn. They had a house in Canarsie, but when Starrett City opened up, they were tired of shoveling and having problems with their heating system. So they sold the house and they moved to Starrett City.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2164.0,2184.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what would you say the state of elementary education is currently in Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2184.0,2192.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I'm told -- I haven't been in the public schools for a long time. I'm told that the standards have gone down quite a bit and as far as if you have these standard tests, they don't show that the children are doing too well. But despite what Mayor Bloomberg says, he took over the school system, he's going to make it work. I don't think he's made it work. Maybe that's because I'm a UFT member.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2192.0,2230.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I'm not too sure what UFT member...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2230.0,2232.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: United Federation of Teachers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2232.0,2237.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what would you say your affiliation is with Queens College?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2237.0,2243.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It hasn't been an active one I must admit. For a number of years, I used to attend lectures at Queens College and musical events, but, as I became less able to get around, I haven't been there too much. But I am interested in seeing all of the students who -- coming early in the morning, going home late at night, and it's a busy place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2243.0,2273.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: And your grandson is graduating?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2273.0,2275.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: My grandson is graduating. As a matter of fact, I think May 9th is the day that he'll be inducted into Phi Beta Kappa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2275.0,2289.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I think that's the same club that [U.S. President Barack] Obama's father is in. Someone told me that, I don't know. [Ed. note: Barack Obama Sr. was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa in 1962.] So how many family members have attended Queens College?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2289.0,2303.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: My son, my daughter and I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2303.0,2308.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So there's a long history there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2308.0,2310.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yeah. It was very convenient for them. They popped out of bed and there they are. They don't have problems with parking, with traveling. My daughter then went on to NYU where she got her master's degree in conservation of art objects, and she's been very active in writing in that field and publishing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2310.0,2345.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what do you know about how this neighborhood came about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2345.0,2349.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It came about very suddenly. I understand that there are places that were wide open fields where they used to hunt rabbits, but, the building boom started I think right after World War II ended. When I moved here, there was construction going on down the block. The Mainstay Houses were being built, Electchester was being built and the Fleur de Lis that's on Kissena and Melbourne Avenue didn't exist. There was a high hill on which there was a little building which was run by the Board of Education. I don't remember now what it was used for, but it was used. And then they came along and tore that down. And where you had some farms yet on, in Kew Gardens Hills, they were converted into shopping areas and into synagogues and into Hebrew day schools, so that the physical makeup of this part of Flushing changed quite a bit over the years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2349.0,2432.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: And you moved in after that post-World War II development? Well during that time, correct?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2432.0,2438.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2438.0,2439.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: It seems like you came in the right time then. Do you know any of the significant events in the history of the neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2439.0,2449.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Significant events? It would be hard to point my finger at any one thing. I mean, because we haven't had riots and problems like you had in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. You haven't had major...What we've had lately were fires right around the corner. About two years ago there was a fire that affected four apartments, and just a few months ago there was a fire that I think affected six apartments. And you've had storms that have knocked down a lot of the trees. So, nature hasn't been totally kind to us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2449.0,2509.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I understand there was some sort of student takeover during the '70s in Queens College. Do you know anything about that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2509.0,2519.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I was out of Queens College then a number of years, so I wasn't too up on what was going on. But I do remember that, what I do know is that every once in a while the big rat [an inflatable rat about 6 or 7 feet high] is put up outside of Queens College because construction is going on and work is being done that's non-union, and the unions come and protest that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2519.0,2552.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Do you know what was here before your home was built? Was this an open field or...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2552.0,2558.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I don't know. I know that the Queens College, some of the old buildings were used for, I think for facilities for delinquent children [the New York Parental School]. And they tell me that there were many open fields where they used to go hunting and fishing. But when I came here, it was starting to be pretty well built up. You didn't have too many restaurants the way you have today, but there were stores.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2558.0,2606.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Do you have a specific personal memory that comes to mind when you think of your time living in this neighborhood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2606.0,2616.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I have memories, good and bad. When my children were doing well in school and receiving honors and graduating and when people I knew for many years, good friends, died. Those are the unpleasant things that have happened. You live a long lifetime, you see many changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2616.0,2644.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say the neighborhood looks pretty much the same as it was before?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2644.0,2651.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It doesn't look quite the same because you have big supermarkets that have developed here. You have many new businesses that have opened up here that weren't here before. You have many banks that you didn't have before. Everyone is looking for your deposits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2651.0,2690.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Do you think people have spent time in their yards or in front of their homes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2690.0,2695.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It used to be more prevalent. You used to have people sitting out during the evenings outside their homes and barbecues and inter-neighbor bantering. Now you have, people are pretty much sticking to their own and they don't have such social contacts with their neighbors as they once did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2695.0,2729.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Did you prefer it compared to the more private setting today?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2729.0,2737.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I preferred when...I told you that one of my neighbors we had was for 20 years, who lived down below me and we were very friendly. We had our doors open to each other and it was a very pleasant experience, which we haven't had for many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2737.0,2757.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Do you know what happened? Have you kept in contact with your neighbor or...?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2757.0,2762.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: My neighbors are both dead now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2762.0,2765.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Sorry to say, sorry to hear. So how do you think Flushing will change over the next five years or next decade?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2765.0,2777.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: How will it change? I'm not a prophet that I can predict. I think businesses will come and go. Some will be successful, some will be fly-by-nights and close up and be taken over by other fly-by-nights. And that's the way it goes here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2777.0,2802.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Are you interested in getting zoning changes or historical landmarking to preserve some of the older homes in Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2802.0,2811.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: In my part of Flushing, Kew Gardens Hills, I wouldn't say there are older homes that deserved historical plaques. But it's nice when you have, people are honored. And there was a Rabbi Kirshblum who was the rabbi of the Jewish Center of Kew Gardens Hills, who has a block named for him. But then you have Jewel Avenue, which was named for...which... [Note: part of Jewel Avenue was renamed Harry Van Arsdale Jr. Avenue, but the name is not commonly used] These names don't stick, they're not used. It's still Jewish, Jewel Avenue. It's still Vleigh Place and Haym Solomon Square in front of the public library is still Vleigh Place or Main Street. But it doesn't mean too much to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2811.0,2875.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what would you say are the best and worst things that could happen in Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2875.0,2881.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Best thing is that you have an active neighborhood where the buildings are maintained pretty well. The garbage is collected very nicely. There are a lot of children who are out in the streets playing. And the not nice as things are, there used to be, this was once the prime area for stolen cars. I've lost five cars during my career as a driver that were stolen from me. And I think that's gone down quite a bit. So I thank the police for that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2881.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what would you say Flushing is to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2938.0,2941.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Flushing to me is a place where I've lived for most of my life and I hope it's been a joyful life by and large. My wife and I are, I hope, happily married for 61 years. And so it's a good place to live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2941.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: How would you say, did it ever occur to you to move to Flushing, or to move away from Flushing, rather?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2961.0,2969.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: No, it didn't. I've been satisfied with life here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2969.0,2975.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Would you say it was very different from growing up from Brooklyn or to moving, to living in Queens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2975.0,2983.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Growing up in Brooklyn was a different style of growing up. I mean, when I lived on the block that I lived on in Brooklyn, there were more kids around. We had games out on the street. You don't see that anymore. But as far as other aspects of life, whether it's shopping or religious services or educational services, library services, it's pretty much the same.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=2983.0,3030.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So both you and your wife grew up in Brooklyn, and you moved to Flushing. That must've been kind of a big moment in your life. Would you say that was kind of a shift, a huge, I don't know, moment in your life?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3030.0,3050.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: For my wife, it was a little difficult. We lived in Highland Park, New Jersey, and she was very happy over there. We lived in a garden apartment there also. And when you move into a neighborhood and you don't know anyone, you come out from the cold, it takes time for you to warm up by meeting people. But she met them very quickly and I think she's been happily engaged in activities also with the synagogue, with the sisterhood and the synagogue, with organizations of women. And, she's still active in them. By the way, she's a graduate of Brooklyn College. I have to give her credit for that. She was a second, she was a nursery school teacher for many years in Young Israel of Kew Gardens Hills. They had a nursery school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3050.0,3112.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So you were both teachers or at least in the education field?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3112.0,3115.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3115.0,3115.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Sorry, I'm trying to think. So you told me that Queens College was originally some sort of boys' reformatory?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3115.0,3152.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3152.0,3155.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: But that was before you came here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3155.0,3156.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: Yeah. When I came here, the classes that met in those old Spanish-style stuccos, I had a few classes in them. But then the building that went on on the grounds of Queens College was pretty active.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3156.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I know that Queens College was originally a private school before it became CUNY. Did you attend it when it was part of CUNY or when it was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3180.0,3188.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: No, it was part of CUNY when I attended.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3188.0,3192.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: And was there a tuition to pay or...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3192.0,3195.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: The tuition was very low. I mean the major cost was your books that...Otherwise, it was a student fee of about $150 a year for the student union. And they didn't charge for the courses that you took. But that's changed and now you have to shell out plenty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3195.0,3224.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: I've noticed. So what would you say it's like living in Flushing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3224.0,3235.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: The living is easy if you want to make it so, and if you earn enough money to make it so. If you don't, the rents are very high and forget it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3235.0,3250.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So what do you think about Flushing compared to other neighborhoods or communities in all of New York City?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3250.0,3258.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: I think it's one of the nice places among all areas in New York City, with a big variety between tree-lined streets and hustling, bustling downtown Flushing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3258.0,3277.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: So, if you were to sum up Flushing in a few words, what would you say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3277.0,3283.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: It's a great place to live if you live long enough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3283.0,3288.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Lee: Well, thank you, Mr. Rushfield.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3288.0,3290.0"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140/transcript/64299/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Rushfield: You are very welcome, Mr. Lee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/21/collection_resources/30164/file/98140#t=3290.0,3293.07429"}]}]}]}