{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/ht2g737p0b/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Manny Sanudo Oral History"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/010/original/Aviary_QPLlogo_192x192.png?1578574261","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 1: \u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo discusses how technological changes have influenced librarianship over his 35 year career, and recent changes to the layout and services of Rosenthal Library.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 2: \u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo explains the importance of good working relationships with faculty in an educational library setting, and explains how librarians often need to have subject specialties to provide services for academic departments.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 3: \u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo talks about his time as a New York City train conductor, his experience with the Transit Workers Union, and his perspective on public transit in a city like New York.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 4: \u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo explains the process for becoming a certified tour guide in New York City, and his experience as a bike tour guide.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary of Full Interview:  \u003c/strong\u003eManny Sanudo's career as a librarian spans more than 45 years. After retiring from his full-time position at Queens College in 2020, he continues to teach bibliographic classes as an adjunct. In this interview, he reflects on the various roles he has played at Rosenthal Library, including a two-year stint as acting Chief Librarian, and the changes to the profession brought about by technology. He also discusses his earlier job as a conductor for the MTA, his interest in Revolutionary and Civil War history, and his work as a certified New York City bike tour guide.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["1971-2019 (temporal)","Queens College, Queens, NY; Manhattan, NY (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2019-05-15 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Manny Sanudo (Interviewee)","Regina Carra (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCC BY-NC-SA Contact digitalarchives@queenslibrary.org for research and reproduction requests.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["http://digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org/search/browse/45911"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 1:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo discusses how technological changes have influenced librarianship over his 35 year career, and recent changes to the layout and services of Rosenthal Library.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 2:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo explains the importance of good working relationships with faculty in an educational library setting, and explains how librarians often need to have subject specialties to provide services for academic departments.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 3:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo talks about his time as a New York City train conductor, his experience with the Transit Workers Union, and his perspective on public transit in a city like New York.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClip 4:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e Manny Sanudo explains the process for becoming a certified tour guide in New York City, and his experience as a bike tour guide.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary of Full Interview:\u0026nbsp; \u003c/strong\u003eManny Sanudo's career as a librarian spans more than 45 years. After retiring from his full-time position at Queens College in 2020, he continues to teach bibliographic classes as an adjunct. In this interview, he reflects on the various roles he has played at Rosenthal Library, including a two-year stint as acting Chief Librarian, and the changes to the profession brought about by technology. He also discusses his earlier job as a conductor for the MTA, his interest in Revolutionary and Civil War history, and his work as a certified New York City bike tour guide.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCC BY-NC-SA\u0026nbsp;Contact digitalarchives@queenslibrary.org for research and reproduction requests.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Queens Public Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Queens Public Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/010/original/Aviary_QPLlogo_192x192.png?1578574261","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/100/528/small/Sanudo_Manny_01.jpg?1604310195","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 5 - sanudo-manny_clip-01.wav"]},"duration":527.33692,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/100/528/small/Sanudo_Manny_01.jpg?1604310195","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-queenslibrary.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/100/528/original/sanudo-manny_clip-01.wav?1604309908","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":527.33692,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Full Transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm just going to read a quick thing to introduce you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2.41,3.917"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Hi, my name is Regina Carra, and today I'll be interviewing Manuel, Manny Sanudo for Queens Memory. Today is May 15th 2019. It is 2:46. We are in Manny's office in Rosenthal Library on the campus of Queens College, City University of New York, in Flushing,New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=7.19,31.69"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, start from the beginning. Whatever that means to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=35.8,38.763"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e OK. Just add it's room 311.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=38.89,40.123"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Room 311, your office.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=41.97,42.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e There you go. So if you have to call for emergency -- 311, that's it. Let's see, I don't know where to begin. I started here at Queens College in 1985, and at that time the library was in what is now, well it was then, in... what was the name of it? It's the building where the English department is. It's not Powdermaker. It's Klapper. Yeah, the library was in Klapper Hall from, until December of 1987. And then we moved here beginning in February for the semester, February of 1988. And we've been here now I guess 31 years. So it's a long time. Just to mention when the building was built, I don't think anyone knew the kind of technological changes that were going to go on. I think they had some suspicions but never the amount and the kind of technology that was going to happen. And over the years then we've seen some really big renovations where we've gone to a building that didn't have enough electricity to try to put more electricity; didn't have enough connectivity, putting in a lot more connectivity. So over the years we've done a series of projects to try to keep the building up to the current standards of connectivity and usage and that kind of thing for not only faculty, but students and staff of course. So the building, you know, has changed and I think librarianship has also changed a lot during these last 31 years. Certainly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=44.489,154.459"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And what's your title here? Has it changed over time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=158.52,159.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I'm a reference librarian. Over the years we've had in-house titles -- for instance, reference coordinator, bibliographic instruction liaison, that kind of thing. I guess the one if outstanding -- and outstanding in that case meaning that it was out of the ordinary -- was that for two years I was the acting chief librarian. So we went through two acting chief librarians. Before me was Rolf Swensen, he did it for two years. According to CUNY rules, you could only be acting or substitute for two years. Rolf did it for two years, then I did it for two years and, now let's see, it'll be I think August 30th or something like that, Kristin Hart will have been here for two years. So within the last couple of -- eight years -- we've had four different librarians. Two permanent --  Robert Shaddy at the beginning, Kristin Hart now -- and as I mentioned, Rolf and me, sandwiched in between for two years apiece. I know you have a question, but one of the bad things is, I think, when there's that much turnover in a short amount of time, it's not good for the library because it doesn't give the library good direction. The library, more than I think, let's say, a classroom...well, I shouldn't say that...but the library really needs a long-term plan. It has to grow. It has to change the way we did from a building that didn't have enough connectivity, electricity to what we have now. So the fact that it was four librarians within eight years, it makes things choppy and I'm looking forward now that Kristin will be here for quite a while and give us more continuity into the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=162.72,280.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you think -- what is gonna be the future of Rosenthal Library, if you can share. What do you think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=282.66,287.041"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, some of the things that have happened -- for instance, a good case in point is the first floor of the library, and this is really very concrete. When we came here the first floor of the library was set up for periodicals and it had a study area. Little by little now that first floor, a lot by a lot, what's changing now is the periodicals and I'm talking about the periodicals in paper. We're hoping to move them to an off-site location where they will reside. I mean they're ours, we paid for them, the college paid for them and they will still be accessible, but it won't be the access we once had. It won't be this possibility of looking through, paging through, let's say a periodical from the 1950s and seeing what kind of stuff was going on. That aspect of sort has been taken away, but at the same time another aspect that's taken its place with the use of databases and things like that, where we can be searching not only through the bibliographic information of a particular periodical, not only through let's say the abstract, the summary of that, but now with databases like JSTOR, Project Muse, we have the capability of searching an entire article. It's great, I think that's wonderful. Did we lose a little bit? Yes, we lost maybe a little bit but we gained a lot more. So the fact that the first floor, the periodicals are going to be in an off-site location, our idea then would be maybe to send someone over there once a day if it's necessary and do a scan of a particular article and then email it to the student, faculty, staff whatever it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=291.05,402.792"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So the idea is a little bit different. Did we lose something? Yeah, maybe we lost a little bit but we gained a lot too because of the different access points, a different way things are done. And that first floor is a good example of that. Some of the things that'll happen then on the first floor just won't be a vacuum and become a bigger area for student studying and stuff. Yes, that'll still stay. But we're talking about putting an enlarged maker space. We're talking about putting the Center for Teaching and Learning, which will be integrated into the library and they'll have their offices and rooms down there. We'll be having probably a librarian integrated into that whole setup. So the first floor definitely will have a lab down there and it'll be maybe a Business Lab, the equivalent of an old ticker room. Again, that technology is gone but certainly the Bloomberg databases, which are very, very expensive -- I think you're talking about $30,000 a year -- and the way they're being used now at Queens College maybe was 9 to 5 Monday to Friday or Monday to Thursday in the Economics office. By putting a center in the library where we're open seven days a week -- we have more hours than anybody else except security -- so that'll have much more access to this kind of setup, and I think that's the way the library is going in the first floor. Again, we'll be looking at that kind of bringing in this newer technology and creating a place that gives students access and again much, much more access. We're a seven-day-a-week operation. Granted, Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays are not as busy as Monday to Thursday, but it still allows that opportunity for people that need it, and the library tries to accommodate that and certainly on a Monday to Thursday, we open up at 7:30 in the morning, the library building itself, and we close I think it's 12 midnight or 12:30, and now starting tonight, we're 24 hours [ed. note: during the final exam period] so that idea of accessibility -- take away the 24-hour part, though -- the idea of accessibility from 7:30 a.m. to 12 midnight certainly allows for a lot more usage of materials, of databases, of the kinds of things that maybe when this library opened up in '88 were not, certainly not, available and not as open as they are now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=403.13,561.669"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get into librarianship?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=565.72,567.559"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I got into librarianship...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=569.35,570.64"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Or, why? How or why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=572.84,574.12"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e The reason I got into librarianship -- first of all, when I got out of, graduated from college, things were not so good. This was around 1971, '72, '73. As a matter of fact, that was one of the first big recessions we had, all this craziness. At that time I wasn't part of CUNY, but CUNY went through a retrenchment and we actually got rid of people, we downsized, and we had very, very big fiscal problems in CUNY. And that was the case throughout, you know, education, stuff like that. So I, I was looking around and I had a Master's in Spanish. I'd gotten that, I think I graduated in about '72, '73, and there were really very, very few openings. And I had heard that there were openings in the area of library, library science and actually now that I look back on it, one of the things that appealed to me is, I'm very orderly, I like everything in order. As I look around my office -- oh my God, this is out of order -- I want everything orderly. It doesn't have to be spanking clean. There could be dust or whatever, but the idea of order very much appealed to me and then as I realized it, I got a job where they actually pay me to put things in order and I guess that's the difference between a room full of books and a library. A room full of books -- they're just books. But a library, everything has to be in order, everything has to be accessible, everything has to be gotten at. And I think that's one of the main duties of librarians, whether they're working in a library or working on the Internet. A lot of the Internet is a bit chaotic and one of the things that librarians do with the Internet, as an example, is try to bring order to it, and the order -- you say, well, you don't need that. You do need it. Because it's a matter of finding materials, of getting at materials. And as I said the order, then, is the backbone of any library or any library operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=576.6,721.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So as I said, this was something I could just go hog wild and do stuff just the way I wanted. And I get paid for it. So it was sort of a good thing that I did go into librarianship. And of course in CUNY and most college libraries -- I worked before at the College of New Rochelle, which by the way just went belly up, and CUNY has offered to take in some of their students now so that they can finish out -- at the College of New Rochelle, they also required a second Master's, so it fit in very well with the Spanish. And here at Queens College all these years I have been working with the Spanish department as a bibliographic liaison. And most of the time in college libraries you usually see that kind of specialty; someone definitely -- it's not enough just being a librarian, you have to have something else to work with. And I worked a lot with the Spanish department. Things happen though, because of budget cuts and that kind of thing; over the years I've ended up working with the economics department here at Queens College, accounting, which is very closely related, business. And you'll say, well, what background did I have for that? Other than a course that Queens College paid for me to take, business librarianship, I didn't have any background, but I learned and I worked with people in the departments and I think that was probably one of the best things that could happen. Librarians have to work with the faculty and the college. And I became, some of my closest friends here at the college came because I had to work very closely with departments that I didn't know a lot about. Again, I knew much more about Spanish and I have worked closely with them -- again, that one I think worked out well too. But the idea that you have to have a little bit more than just an MLS -- that is certainly, without a doubt, true in a college setting. So usually the typical thing is two Master's -- an MLS and a second Master's. I know some of my colleagues -- I spoke about Rolf Swensen before, he had a Ph.D in English, so of course -- in English, I'm sorry, in history -- and Rolf worked with the history department and he worked with the political science department. We have to, you know, you have to do things sometimes you're not familiar with. Now towards the end of my career I've also been working with the psychology department. And you say, what do I know about psychology? Well, back in 1967 I might have read Penguin Freud, but other than that, you learn. You have to learn and you have to work with the departments as much as you can and you rely on their expertise and their knowledge in trying to set up the bibliographic access, the bibliographic books, periodicals, that are needed so that it really is a partnership here in the library. You're not working alone; you have to be working with the faculty. And as I said, each of us usually have their own particular area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=721.83,915.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e If I go on too long, cut me off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=919.32,920.92"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No. No. Keep going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=920.94,922.26"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of my -- I notice in the classroom sometimes with students, and I've told them this, hey, if I go on too long, do a polite cough. I know what that means, I'll stop. So you do a polite cough and I'll know that I'm talking too much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=922.33,940.919"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh no, no. This is supposed to be for you talking, I'm supposed to not talk! Do you think there's something kind of, I don't know, unique about librarians that we can kind of, or I don't know, that we can kind of go, can go throughout...I don't know what my question is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=941.63,966.644"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let me just get you, this I planned for, so, this is for you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=969.0,975.409"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=975.78,976.619"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e That aside, I already drank water. I think one of the unique things about a librarian, and I'm going to maybe talk about education settings because that's all I've worked in. I worked here, it'll be going on 35 years next year. I worked in the College of New Rochelle before that, but before that I was in educational settings where the library was part of a bigger institution. It wasn't the sole purpose of the institution. So that -- I think one of the big things is that librarians and the ones I've seen really have to work well with others. You know, not only you have to work well with the students but you have to work, and I mentioned it before, with the faculty, with the administration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=976.62,1027.209"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Here at the college level -- I talked about faculty before. Let me talk a little bit about, in my two years as chief librarian, probably the most important thing I learned was, you've got to get along with the provost. And you say, how come the provost? Well, in this case, because she controls the purse strings for the library. So if it's gonna be a relationship that's antagonistic or not working then the library is not going to work. And maybe the person who is the chief librarian should be looking to step down or step aside and get someone who can work with the provost because that's really where all the money flows from. And you're going to say, well, that's giving up, you know, your ideals. No, it's not. It's working within the reality of the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1027.359,1079.93"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Unfortunately over the years I've seen a lot of cuts here. Before I got here, and I got here in '85, going back to about 1980, there were about 40 librarians working at Queens College. That number has since been halved. You say, oh my God, how could that have happened? Well some of it was logical, because some of it happened with the dawn of the online systems, the dawn of computers and stuff like that. And this is an aside, but I'll do it, that when I was in library school and I started about '73, graduated in '75 -- oh my God, 45 years, next June!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1080.7,1125.854"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e From where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1126.184,1127.184"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, yeah. It took me about three years to graduate because I had to do it part time. But that was Pratt in '75. The only course I remember taking that had anything to do with computers was one about, talking about the OCLC, and back then OCLC stood for the Ohio Computer Library Consortium. And I don't think they knew, and I don't think a lot of people knew at that time, how important the application of computers was going to be. If they knew it, they certainly didn't tell me, but that was maybe the first time I saw it and that, then OCLC even changed its initials and now it's the online, uh, computer consortium of library. So it changed; it changed because the whole scope of the library changed in those days, years, and the computer access became much more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1128.52,1189.7"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So we had in the library all these 40 librarians and a lot of it might have been printing and filing cards for the card catalog. Well, that went by the wayside as people saw the ability of OCLC as a bibliographic utility to do a lot more and incorporate a lot of this into the idea of an online catalog. And that was one of the first things I think we started to see. Yes. Then the number of librarians diminished because we didn't need that quantity of people doing that kind of cataloging; every book had to be like original cataloging and certainly with CIP and a lot of that, it became -- cataloging in publication -- it became much more evident that shrinking the numbers was something that had to happen for -- that was the future of libraries. Did we go too far? Yeah, probably like a lot of things, we probably went too far; we could have repositioned some of those librarians in other areas, but it just meant more and more cuts in other areas unfortunately. But the fact that we went from 40 to 20, that was certainly something that, as we invested more heavily in computers, and then of course we went into the area of computer databases. I remember it started out, and I'm looking over here at CD-ROMs that we put in and out of computers, that kind of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1189.91,1278.299"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e And finally with the Internet, in about I think it was 1993 when I first saw it, I said, I said to myself, wow, this seems like it's going to change things a lot. And of course I was so insightful -- yeah, like I saw anything! People saw it before, but definitely the changes started to come very quickly then with the Internet and the use of databases and online periodicals and we mentioned that, how the first floor in the library changed as an example of that kind of setup. So we went from maybe more personnel to maybe more in the area of electronics and whatever it was -- you have to work, it doesn't matter the time, whether it's 1985 or now coming up 2019, 2020 next year -- you really have to work closely with the administration. And as I said here the administrator, and I assume this is the same in CUNY and I assume it was the same in the College of New Rochelle, there'd be a senior vice president or the provost, and that person works very closely with the chief librarian and the entire budget process that staffs and gives the librarians materials.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1278.63,1359.669"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And how do you, how do you advocate for the library? Do you have specific tips? I know that's a big thing in our field is advocating for your job, or advocating for budgets, or for funding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1361.2,1365.505"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. I'm going to relate this again to I think some of the stuff that I've seen, I was mentioning that over the years I worked closely with the accounting department and I think that was a great example of the library and departmental faculty working together. We had at that time, we did mostly with books and insert services where you would get, let's say a thousand pages of the Internal Revenue Code and the code then, and I'm looking at it, I must've thrown it away, the old one, and you would interfile that. Of course, then the computer started taking over where we could have the Internal Revenue Code updated either through the government or through sources like Commerce Clearing House, CCH. So what ended up happening there was that the accounting department actually would come to us and say hey this, the inserts, that we're pulling out and putting in, this is no longer what students are required to do in the real world. And I think back then the accounting there was the Big 8. And of course they've shrunk into the big two or the big one or whatever it is now. But we were working with the accounting department. I say we, the acquisitions librarian, myself, the liaisons from the accounting department, and what we tried to do was remake the library resources in terms of what the students had to use to get jobs, to get placed. So what went from an older system of paper and a system of, well, paper journals that still became a big factor, but especially in this field where a good example is the code and the commentary that goes with the code. That all became online and we had to adapt to that. If anyone and I -- I'm sorry, I used to keep a copy of the, and I'm cleaning house a little bit, a copy of the old Internal Revenue Code from 1984 and I would go into a classroom a lot of times and show that, and if anyone said you knew what this was I'd tell them get out, because you are a dinosaur! This is dead. This does not work anymore. And as I said what we did going, working with people like Steve Solieri, like Barry Leibowicz, we updated our system and we got material in electronic format through the Internet. Again, through companies like CCH, companies like Wolters Kluwer, that kind of thing, and it ties it in, and this is the exact same kind of thing that students are going to see when they go out to the work world. An interview is not going to tell them to look up on page 427 of the code or whatever. No, it's gonna be an electronic thing. Have you ever worked with the CCH? Have you ever worked with Wolters Kluwer products? This and that. So I think the library, in that case, it was a great example of the library and the faculty working together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1377.77,1579.539"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e In other areas, some of the other areas, for instance in areas where there is more of a relationship with monographs and things like that. History is a good example, and I mentioned Rolf Swensen and I'll mention Rolf again, history monographs of course are very, very big part of the history collection we just saw that today in monographic -- I forget the guy's name, Sen? They had to do an essay on a book that was written by Satadru Sen. So monographs are still very important. Again, what's happening now too, we are increasing our book collection in electronic format, whether it's reference books or monographic publications. We're up to about, I'd say now 15 percent of our collection is electronic. So some of the stuff that again happened there is not only providing the actual databases, e-book collections, etc., but also in the library the ability for students to access it, for students if they had to download, print, if they had to print parts of it. So the library again has changed there in that we're looking at different materials. We're looking at the same materials presented in a different way, and if we don't have the way of keeping up with that, then we're not doing the students the justice that has to be done, especially in accounting. For history, for the arts, interview someone else, OK? To give you more insight. But that's, you know, I have seen the change in history, in the arts -- those areas too have changed the way things are accessed a lot more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1581.07,1690.23"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, maybe we should go, go more toward your personal life. Where did you, where did you grow up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1698.21,1702.79"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh well, I was born in Manhattan, right across the street from St. John the Divine on Cathedral Parkway, which is also known as 110th Street. My parents, at that time we lived in the Bronx, but I moved, we moved back out of the Bronx to Queens -- Flushing -- and I grew up maybe about five miles at most from Queens College, of course never knowing that I would be intimately related to Queens College for 35, yeah, going on 35 years. My brother graduated from here, he went to Queens College. He graduated in 1975 which was one year before 1976, and that was an important year for Queens College because that's when probably our most famous alum graduated and that was Jerry Seinfeld. At that time there were about 30,000 students here at Queens College. So I've asked my brother quite a few -- \"You don't remember Jerry? You'd never saw him?\" and my brother said no, no, no. So that was 19 -- he graduated in '75 and Jerry in '76.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1703.98,1785.999"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I graduated from NYU, the Heights, which is no longer there. That was in the Bronx in 1971. During that time, during my four years at the Heights and one year of graduate school, when I was doing my Master's in Spanish, so two years total, I lived in Spain. That was back starting in '69, '70, and then I think a year here back in the United States, and one --  so I think it was, something like two years back then, so it was between '69 and about '73, '72 that I lived in Spain for two years and both years of course I was studying in the B.A. program and the Master's program. So that was there. After I got back, well, I got my M.A. I think -- I'll have to check -- it was 1973, and as I said, they were really very, very few jobs available. As a matter of fact I worked for about two years as a subway conductor on the New York City Transit Authority, so I'm a bit of a subway and a railroad buff. I have the whole, the entire map of the New York City subways, I'm not bragging now but, and I'm gonna point, I have the entire map right up here, right up here in my culo. So there you go. Is that alright to say culo in an interview? And I'm pointing up here. That's how smart I am, all in my culo, alright.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1786.41,1886.572"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e At the same time I was going to, we mentioned Pratt, I was taking courses towards the M.L.S. And my first job then was September of 1975. So that's what I was saying, yep, it'll be, next year it'll be 45 years in librarianship. And out of those 45 about 40 will have been in higher education, and about five were at the New York Bilingual Institute and about two years at the Delaware Valley Job Corps Center. So always, but I've always worked mainly with adults so I would say, when I say adults, people over 18 years old, the students were 18 and over. And I always worked, of course, in educational institutions. I've never been in a public library and again, maybe I'd just to go back, that's why I talk about the interaction between the faculty, the administration and the library. And if any of those three are missing, you can't do it. It's like this little tripod that's in front of me. The tripod will not stand on just two legs. It has to be three. It has to be the faculty, the administration and the library all working together on behalf of the students. Because if that's not there it's not gonna work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1888.43,1980.22"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e  After, let's see, so that was, I said, about two years in Spain. As I said I lived, well no, one of my jobs took me upstate New York. Beautiful in the summer, difficult in the winter, Sullivan County, because it's very, very, very cold. I think from then on I got to not like winter. So that's one of my problems, I still have to live with them. But that, that was a problem. I look forward to summers now. I look forward to the easy life of summer. Yes. There you go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=1983.97,2022.48"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e But I have to go back. What, what was it like working as a train conductor in the New York City subway?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2025.87,2032.059"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I was what they called -- no, no, I'm sure they still call it -- \"extra extra,\" so I was, there would be a people, a group of conductors and it was almost all exclusively males at that time, who were the extras would fill in for people that maybe would get sick or would be on vacation. I would fill in for the extras, so I would be extra extra. And because of a contract dispute at that time, almost all the time I was there I was always extra extra; I never had a chance to move up in the ranks. I eventually left to become a librarian. It was difficult in the sense that, you know,  I'd have to be here one day, there the next day. I remember one of the worst things was, I'd have to go to Coney Island just to pick up a train and then end at Coney Island and come back, and that would be after doing two roundtrips on the F. Oh my God, it was really a lot of, a lot of tedium when you had to do all that trip, and you say you could read. Yeah, there's just so much reading that you could do. But, it was good in the sense that that was my first full-time permanent job and I moved on from there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2035.53,2114.02"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I became a librarian and that was my next, I started out --  just today, by the way, and Regina's here sitting, so you sure you introduced yourself. They mentioned a guy named Joshua Freeman. Have you ever had classes with him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2114.44,2130.429"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2130.664,2131.664"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e No. He's a professor emeritus in the history department at CUNY, and I remember a couple of years ago being at that luncheon, I had met him before, and Joshua was talking about two of his big projects that he wrote -- he did a lot with labor history and of course he's done a lot with the PSC CUNY. And he talked about PSC CUNY at the meeting, and how this union has helped shape New York City. And I told him, \"Hey Joshua, I'm Manny Sanudo from the library.\" He said, \"Oh, glad to meet you,\" and this and that. And then I said, \"I'm a member of the PSC CUNY\" and he said, \"Yeah, yeah, so is everyone else here.\" And then I told him my first permanent full-time job was with the Transport Workers Union and his ears perked right up because he had also written about the Transport Workers Union. And he had written a lot about Mike Quill, and Mike Quill was the head of the TWU for many, many years and he was, if anything, he was belligerent. He really, and one of the, I remember one of the things, one of the strikes that they had, he told the mayor at that time, John Lindsay, \"He can drop dead in his black robes.\" And I'm sure Mr. Quill, even though he could probably speak perfect English, kept up that Irish brogue because I think that made him tough. So what I told Joshua about, I was a member of the TWU and I felt that that was the first union that I belonged to when I started working and that the PSC CUNY would probably be the last union I worked in my working life, he really warmed up to me. He said, \"Wow, I should interview you.\" I said no, no; no thank you!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2132.219,2236.889"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But I remember working with the Transport Workers Union. It was interesting in the sense that it was a mixture of everything back then, but no women. Now when I ride, for instance, the bus or the subway and I see a conductor and, you know now we have to distinguish whether it's a male or female, I don't know what the ratios are now, but I certainly, if the ratio, if there was one female conductor out of I don't know how many at that time, that was a lot. Women bus drivers, I don't think they existed, and motor women, well no, the title was motor man so there was obviously no such thing as a motor woman but that was, the union was different. And it, you know, the hours were rough. Yeah of course it was a seven-day-a-week operation, 24 hours a day. So sometimes, you know, you were out at odd hours and that's the kind of thing, but that's the way transit is in New York City, it's a 24-hour-a-day operation. People say, well you know, could we not do it that way or this or that. No, the answer is no. It just, it can't be, not in a city like New York. You take areas, and I was just there the other day, it's interesting, I was in Corona, and in Corona they will have bakeries that are open 24 hours a day. And you have to have it that way because you have people coming home from shifts that they've been working in, let's say a, a kitchen and they're just cleaning up the kitchen and they might not get off till 2 a.m. and they get home and they have to use the bakery at 3 a.m. to buy something because this is when their shift has ended. And you get the other people then that are getting up at 3 a.m. and maybe you have to have coffee and a piece of pastry to get them going, and they're starting at 3 a.m. because these restaurants have to be set up. Potatoes have to be peeled, onions. So it's a matter of, that, the way New York operates, it's a 24-hour-a-day city, and the transit system has to accommodate that. So when I hear people saying, oh no, we could cut down like in Montreal or Madrid, where I lived -- Madrid, I think, stopped maybe at about midnight and didn't get going maybe again till 5 a.m. It just wouldn't work given the economy that happens here in New York City.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2237.19,2390.829"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e  Madrid is a much smaller city. I know, well back then, I would do a lot of walking if I were out after midnight. New York, it's just impossible to do some of the stuff that we would have to do to walk from midtown Manhattan all the way out to Queens, to Corona, to Bayside, to Flushing. Can't be done, and keep up the kind of economy that we have here. So it's a 24-hour-a-day operation, seven days a week, and it's really the lifeline of the city. No matter how much people complain about the subways and how dirty they are, or this or that, it's just something we have to put in, money into, and this for me it goes back way even before I started with the transit, that this is the kind of city we have chosen to have. And this is the kind, then, of transportation, whether we choose it or not, this is the kind of transportation that we have to have. So whenever I go on the subways I'm very respectful of all the conductors, whether they're men or women, all the bus drivers, all the dispatchers, all the motor -- and I think it's, they call it motor person now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2391.42,2462.94"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e But you, so you live in Bayside now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2466.29,2467.382"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I live in Bayside. It's about four miles from here and it's about a nine-mile round trip, and I'm pointing to my bicycle, so I try to cycle as much as possible. If I don't cycle then I have to take the bus with all the masses. But I'd rather, much rather cycle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2469.47,2491.81"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Do you like riding your bike? Is it a hobby of yours?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2492.94,2497.51"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yeah, I think, in fact, yes, it's a hobby, I think. I go back to the time, well sure, in grammar school or even going back to, maybe this is 1955, wow there you go, of riding a bicycle. And I think I've ridden, all the time -- there was probably an exception maybe from about sophomore year in high school when I maybe was too, it wasn't fancy enough to ride a bicycle, until about sophomore year in college. Maybe that's about four years and taking out the two years I lived in Spain. So maybe about six years out of my whole life when I haven't ridden. And, as I said, I try to make this my transportation mode. I don't have a car. So this is what I have to do, and a lot of times I would make this -- for instance, last summer, myself and two other friends we, our vacation was a trip across Pennsylvania. And we started in Trenton and Trenton, of course, has Washington's Crossing just up the river from there on both the New Jersey and the Pennsylvania side. So we try to make it not just cycling, but a little bit more of a historical trip and tie in stuff with the cycling as we do it. And as we're going along of course we'd be seeing, you know, towns and stuff in Pennsylvania, but also we went to places that have real historical significance, for instance, Valley Forge. So we're at Valley Forge. Well, we went to the museum there, we cycled around the grounds. We stopped off at Gettysburg, I'd been there before. My other two friends, Richie and Richard, had not. Unfortunately, we could only spend about a day there which is nothing, nothing. If you're not there a minimum of three days you've seen nothing in Gettysburg, so you really have to do more time there. But no, that was again interesting, the fact that they had their first taste of it, sort of, you know, I enjoyed that they saw it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2498.23,2625.958"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the other things we saw was the 9/11 memorial in Shanksville. Again, something that maybe I wouldn't have gone to but on the bike that was something that we wanted to see. Very interesting, very interesting. With seeing the way that the airplane and the people on the airplane -- the place has, it's a part of the National Park System now. So it had recordings from the flight, from the people there, the way the plane came in, it ended up being a ball of fire. It was in the middle of nowhere, but very interesting. As matter of fact we were there in, let's see, I think it was July, and not to be outdone, Donald Trump then went there in September. And Donald Trump, I think is following in my footsteps. I lived in Flushing and he lived in Jamaica Estates. So we grew up parallel lives, we didn't know each other. He was a little bit older than me, a couple of years older than me. But I was I was at the 9/11 memorial about a month, two months before he went with Melania. Of course he went by car, I saw the limousine in the newsreels come right up and let him out. We did it the good old fashioned way, by bicycle. Some of the other stuff that we saw...Oh, I'm forgetting now some of the other places that we went to. One of the most interesting places, oh without a doubt, was we went to -- actually the trip took us across Pennsylvania, it was about 700 miles. We went into West Virginia. We stayed a couple of days, two days, in Wheeling, West Virginia. We saw the oldest suspension bridge in the country, which still crosses the Ohio River from Wheeling to an island in the middle. And then the Ohio goes around the island of course; that was interesting. We cycled up to  Steubenville and then went back to Pittsburgh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2626.57,2748.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e On the way to Pittsburgh, we stopped in Homestead, and Homestead was one of these places where, as a matter of fact my mother lived there, because my grandfather was a coal miner and a lot of the coal mining operation centered around that West Virginia, Pittsburgh, Homestead area, and Homestead was one of the areas of the blast furnaces and stuff like that where all the coal would come in to make coke and the coal mining and stuff like that. Homestead is changed completely but one of the things they preserved was an old blast furnace right across the river, right across the Monongahela, from Homestead. Very interesting and it really was, it was learning history by seeing it and the blast furnace, for instance, belonged to two names that are, and I'm holding it up right here, one was Andrew Carnegie and the other was Frick and these two guys -- you can't see it, I'll hold it up to the microphone!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2748.68,2812.823"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a stamp of Andrew Carnegie and you're going to say, Oh, I admire Andrew Carnegie. I do admire Andrew Carnegie for what he did for libraries, granted, I do, but I think he and his lieutenant ,Henry Clay Frick, were sons of bitches. Can I say that? For what they did, the worst strike in U.S. history was the Homestead Strike of 1892, where Carnegie told Frick, do whatever you have to do to get this plant moving. Well, Carnegie was away and Frick, I don't know how many miners and steelworkers and stuff were killed at the behest of Henry Clay Frick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2813.24,2859.474"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But it's interesting to see the blast furnace, the way it was set up; again, a 24-hour-a-day, 365-day-a-year operation just like the transit. And what made it so interesting was that some of these jobs were some of the worst jobs that you could think of. Temperatures of 180 degrees, and if it went up 10 degrees, guys would start passing out. Again, all guys that ran in this; 10 degrees difference -- yes, that was the craziness, and some of the stuff that happened there that the, the way it was set up the coal and the way the coal was put in and the way the blast furnaces were cooled, it was just a recipe for disaster. But Carnegie and Frick were good guys, I said son of a bitches, they were good guys. They would let the family come in and take the bodies away. So they wouldn't deny the families taking bodies of dead workers away. It did pay a lot. So it, you know, it ended up that in the areas where I was seeing, for instance, there were a lot of Polish immigrants. My grandfather was from Spain. I know he did not speak English well, but he was a coal miner in Spain, he became a coal miner here. So you'd see a lot of immigrants. You'd also see a lot of Blacks. So these were the people that a lot of times would do this. And you know it's interesting, it was not just business. It was a whole thing of seeing the way a social scale, and the way people banded together. Interesting too that the way they would band together a lot of times would be the Poles would stay with the Poles, the Blacks with the Blacks. But this was the way I guess society was set up. Pittsburgh, very interesting city,  Homestead all that kind of thing. So the bike in a way, for me, is something I'd like to do to see history, to relive it but to relive it in a pace that I think is much more along the lines of the way things were set up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2859.77,2985.08"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the best rides I ever did was -- I was very lucky, in January, and I forget the year, I was by myself, we had off, and I went down and did the Stonewall Jackson flanking maneuver of the Union army and he took a back road and then ended up outflanking the Union army at Chancellorsvile and I was so lucky, beautiful day in January, I took that same road on my bike and came out just where the Union army would have been. So the bike allowed me to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=2985.35,3019.75"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the things I'm looking forward to doing too is I'd like to take the bike and do a Tennessee bicycling, because Tennessee was really one of the focal states for the Civil War. And from what I understand they conserved a lot of their history, unlike what we've done here, New York City. So places like Chattanooga, and I'm looking forward to see Chickamauga which is just south of the Tennessee border. Shiloh, these are some of the big places that were part of our Civil War and I think doing it by bicycle, I feel like you know I might be General Grant on his horse  following the path. There was certainly nothing mechanized back in those days. Everything was done either by marching or by horse. So there it is. I don't want to march, my feet hurt, so I'd rather do it by bicycle. So there's my, something I've been looking forward to that I'd really like to do. So in a sense the bike for me has been a way of seeing history, of doing it. There is no better way to do the Gettysburg battlefield than to do it by bicycle. There were no cars back then, everything was done on horseback or by walking and the bike is probably the most, closest thing we have to a horse now. I can't afford horses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3020.02,3105.809"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e When did your love of history start?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3107.67,3109.869"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3110.86,3111.86"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e When you started biking, or before that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3111.989,3113.165"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I always had, you know, I was never a history major or anything. It's interesting. This again, this is an aside, but I remember being in grammar school and being around guys that maybe weren't considered, oh, they were academically not that good and we would have history and they would not get such good grades in history and I would get good grades. Why? Teacher's brown-nose, whatever, I don't know. Hey, I did my, I did the reading, I did the notebook and stuff like that but I never ever developed, I think at that time this sort of love of history. And I remember one or two of my classmates who maybe didn't do as well, but oh my God, when they talked about Robert E. Lee, they talked about Ulysses S. Grant, they talked about Appomattox, they were actually living it. They enjoyed this. This for them was a passion. I don't think I ever had that. And it took me a while. Maybe it was years, years later with my friend Pete when he had this passion and he started doing some of this, you know, battlefields like Antietam, battlefields like Gettysburg, and he sort of, unfortunately Pete passed away, but he sort of planted this seed of going to these battlefields. I was at Gettysburg with Pete. Pete could not cycle because of whatever, I think it led to his downfall, heart problems, etc., but I sort of got this inspiration from him and it became, you know, sort of his passion -- he planted it, and maybe he was a good teacher. Yeah, that's what good teachers probably should do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3114.99,3234.019"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So what happened, that I didn't get this in grammar school, this seed planted in me, maybe it just wasn't fertile ground at that time. And other people who, let's say weren't doing as well, but the seed, this passion was planted in them and the way they spoke about Robert E. Lee at Gettysburg and Meade at Gettysburg, it just was incredible. And now I look back and I say wow those guys really loved it. And I've done other places -- I've been at Appomattox, I remember being there; Shelby Foote, and I have his books right up there, described the scene just as Robert E. Lee was trying to escape Appomattox. He had one way out, he was totally surrounded by the Union army and he had one way out was over this ridge. And he went over the ridge and as soon as he got to the top of the ridge the Union army completely surrounded him. And I remember reading it in Shelby Foote's A Civil War and then years later, a few years later I was actually there. Again, a beautiful January I took off and I was actually just on the same ridge that was described by Shelby Foote and I climbed that ridge and of course it was January, no one was around, but I closed my eyes and guess what? I saw the entire Union army out in front of me. So it really became a little bit of a passion that I know Pete had and that some of the guys had and it developed in me much later but, again, that was a bike trip and it was great that I could do what Robert E. Lee did and saw that Union army totally in front of me. So that's the kind of thing, I always thought about that, that how can we get, you know, students in a way not just studying but impassioned about this kind of stuff. And you know what, the answer is I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3234.26,3351.289"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I could, I've tried a little bit here in New York City when I do trips both for, I mentioned, for a commercial Bike the Big Apple, which is now defunct, and Unlimited Biking, which is the company I've been working for, or the Five Borough Bike Club. I try to impart this idea of that this is history and you see some of the things that are there, and the beauty about it is that historians or anthropologists can actually see something that's there right now. And they see the past in that. They see it, we don't. I look at it. I don't see it. I get it through them. And that's the idea too of people -- one of the questions that you asked me before, where do I see the library going? Hey, I'm not that good at that kind of stuff. I think I just follow up but there are people that can look at something and say, \"hey, this is what I see five years from now, 10 years from now.\" Those are the kind of people that I find really true geniuses, that they can be in the present and look to the future. The people that are here in the present and look back and see the past and see it right there. Historians, anthropologists, they are true geniuses. I don't have that ability. I just, I just follow, I'm a follower but I, I appreciate what they've done and I appreciate how their passion maybe rubbed off a little bit on me so that, that, I appreciate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3353.06,3446.58"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So you mentioned you worked for, you also worked for a couple of bike clubs? Did you do tours?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3448.65,3452.151"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, right now I worked for a couple of years, I'm a licensed New York City tour guide. I took the exam. I passed the test. I got a good grade because a lot of the other guides helped me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3454.12,3466.707"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e What is that like, like a tour guide test?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3467.05,3468.268"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Tour guide -- that New York City, that was probably after the SAT or the GRE, I took them both and I forget, that was probably one of the toughest tests because it's an endurance test. It takes I think about three hours and you're not allowed to leave even if you have to go to the bathroom. I don't think you're allowed to leave and you don't want to leave because you want to finish everything. It's a New York City exam given by the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs. So every guide in New York City, whether you walk and talk, whether you are on a boat, whether you're on a bicycle or anything else, you have to be licensed by the Department of Consumer Affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3470.18,3512.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So that license exam, I took it, some of it is a little bit of rote. For instance, you have to know the streets that you can't put a commercial bus on; so Park Avenue you cannot put a bus on. So what does that mean? Well, if you want to go to some place on Park Avenue like St. Bart's, St. Bartholomew's, you have to park on Lexington, people have to walk over. There's certain regulations that you sort of have to learn. There's other things they'll ask you about the history of New York City. They'll ask a few questions about what's the best way to get to Yankee Stadium. And they might say you know walk, no, take the A train, no,take the D. Ah there you got it, so that that would be the answer. It's multiple choice but usually they give five choices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3512.92,3559.389"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One might be none of the above, four might be, close, two would say... Here's one for you, that, where did Jackie Kennedy Onassis live on Fifth Avenue? So that one again, you have to study sometimes that kind of stuff. And I remember studying that and they would give like five choices, one would be none of the above. That was wrong. Then they'd give, they'd say, where did she live and they might say, uh, Bell Boulevard in Flushing, New York. Nah. They might say, uh, over Red Hook, Brooklyn, you could eliminate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3559.84,3597.719"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Then they would give you two and they would be very close on the exam. It would be, let's say, something like 960 Fifth Avenue -- Fifth Avenue, of course! That's where Jackie Kennedy Onassis lived overlooking the park. But the other answer would be 1040 Fifth Avenue. So there's, you'd have to really start to think, and that one I think that one I know I got right, because I remember saying to myself, even though Jackie Kennedy Onassis was a nice lady this and that she probably never, ever in her life filed her own tax return, her accountant would do it. So she never filed a 1040 form -- 1040, ah, 1040. That was an easy one so I marked that. There were others that, you know, you almost had to guess at. But it was a long exam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3597.96,3643.049"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So I'm a licensed New York City tour guide. I worked for a company called Bike the Big Apple. That one went belly up but, before it did, it was taken over by another company called Unlimited Biking, which is still existing in New York City. Last Sunday I did a tour. We had 24 Norwegians -- all spoke English so that wasn't a problem. And we had to divide that up into groups of... 24... 12 and 12. I wasn't good at math, and we took them on a, two guides, myself and Johannes, we were independent. We have to do it, you know, because of the size -- if you had 15,16 people that becomes untenable in New York for safety reasons. So we broke it up, and we did basically Central Park touring there, uh, going into Harlem, seeing stuff in Harlem, going into Columbia University, we went up on Univ-, um, Morningside Heights, came back down into Central Park and they had a lunch date at Red Rooster. So we took them for lunch at Red Rooster but we did all the stuff in between. That was a tour. So it's interesting. And the Norwegians, I guess they liked it. They said, oh we had a good tour. So I've done that. And that was for money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3643.29,3720.469"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e However, I do do things that are just pure love, pro bono. We have done, my friend Richard and I, I mentioned him before, we did last year the tour. We're both guides for the same company. So we've done stuff for the Five Borough Bike Club, of which we are members, and that we would do, for instance, a tour we've done, the New York Revolutionary War tour. Very interesting. Very interesting. And I think a lot of it is there and professors here at Queens College like Bobby Wintermute, putting in a plug for Bobby. We talk a little bit about, I've spoken to him about some of this stuff, and through, you know, talking to him and some of the ideas, we put together a tour. Again, it's not for historians, but it's for people that want to bike. So if historians want to come on a bike they're more than welcome, if historians want to do their own and do a dig at let's say 4th Avenue and I think 3rd Street. There was talk that they were doing just last year a building, a Key Food or something at that site, and they were doing a dig there and they thought, they thought they found bones from the Maryland 400. It ended up being a false alarm but right around that area in Brooklyn, around 3rd Avenue, 4th Avenue, 3rd Street, 4th Street, that's where that area was all a marsh area around the Revolution, and that's exactly the area where the Maryland 400 fought off the British to give George Washington enough time to be able to escape and do his famous retreat. So that, the old stone house is the center of that and that's there now. Of course it's been repositioned and totally restored but it is a place that you could go to and it is a focus and it's, it's, it's interesting for as I said people didn't realize how much New York City is involved, was involved with the Revolutionary War and some of those places are still there. Some of the other places, for instance up around Morningside Heights, the famous Battle of Morningside Heights, you can no longer see as far as I know anything that's there except geographically the location of the hills and the flat areas and through there. But interesting, interesting. And I'm not a history major, there you go. You were a history major, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3720.5,3868.583"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. I majored in history in college at SUNY Geneseo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3869.7,3873.593"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e What area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3874.48,3875.48"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e  Just like American history, like I did do more like women's and African-American history. And then I came here for graduate school for the dual degree program in Fall 2015. Which it's, yeah, I didn't, I didn't really, didn't end up continuing with the women's and African-American history. I did, well, I did like library history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3875.63,3906.329"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Women's history is everywhere but New York City is especially, I think, an important place for Black history. Yeah. Lot of interesting stuff and of course the Revolution and the Civil War tied into that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3910.71,3926.9"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you have a specific interest in like war history? Or, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3928.93,3933.541"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh you know I've spoken about that. I think because of the ability to actually see some of those sites, you know, to go there to, to do some of that you know. And you say, well the war part then the war part overlaps with a lot of other stuff. For instance, it ties in, of course, with Black history. whether it was the Revolutionary War, the Civil War or some of the stuff, you know, you'd look at, it's, it's amazing. One of the stuff that happens is those seeds that you plant, either my friend Peter or whatever, the one person plants that idea and it just leads to other things and you're gonna say, well what about this? You know, you go to a place like Antietam and you go to the battlefield and that's where, and I think I'm going to get this right, Clara Barton got going with the Red Cross. Well you say, what was, what was a woman doing at this battlefield? Hey, this is where things got going -- the idea that soldiers, if they're wounded, have to be taken care of. So the Red Cross grew a lot out of the battlefield idea and then someone's going to come across and say oh yeah, how did someone like Clara Barton get started? Why would she put her life at risk when there was no need to do it? Why would something like that ever, ever happen? So then you have to say, well now I got to go along and I've got to see more about Clara Barton. Some of the questions that come up, you talk about again, New York City, you talk about the Howe brothers and these were two brothers that led the invasion in August of 1776. One was in charge of all the naval forces, the biggest naval armada since the Spanish Armada and the biggest one up until D-Day. And Richard Howe led that and then William Howe, his brother, was in charge of all the armies and how these two guys, obviously they would get together, smart guys, but maybe the wind was blowing the wrong way and that's why George Washington was able to evacuate Brooklyn and go to Manhattan. So some of the stuff you see, that would lead me just like the Clara Barton, and the next thing I would say, well why would a guy that was so smart like William Howe delay so much in pursuing George Washington? These are some of the reasons then that, you know even the historians don't know, but certainly a lot has been written about them. And one of the books by William Howe was written by a name I know you know, David Syrett. So this is the kind of thing, this is one of the books that's on my nightstand that I'm looking forward to read, the William Howe book by David Syrett. And as I said he led the invasion of New York City. His brother was the admiral and he was in charge of the invasion. If there was a supreme commander, I guess it would have been William. But this is the kind of thing that one thing leads to another. And why did Clara Barton actually do what she did at the Battle of Antietam? Great question. Read about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=3935.99,4127.039"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And David Syrett is a professor emeritus at Queens College -- history, in history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4128.04,4133.071"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in history. Here's one of his books. Yes, The Battle of the Nile, August 1st 1798. The pictures by Whitcombe, and David Syrett used it in his book. OK, so he wrote a book about naval invasions and stuff like that. So again, if this were a movie thing, I'd hold it up and you could see David Syrett mentioned and this was cards that his wife, Elena Frangakis-Syrett, had made up and thanking people for all the work they've done working with David, working with her. The library working together with the History Department and that's why I got invited today, because of, the history department and the library working together. I think Rolf, and I go back to Rolf, who is a great example, because not only did he have a Ph.D. in history, he actually taught in the History Department. So he taught here in the library, library courses, he taught what we call bibliographic instruction, I'm sure you know that, but he also taught in the History Department and the course that he worked with very closely in developing, Frank Warren, and I think is now a required course, with Frank Warren. I think it's History 791, which is like the research seminar which now everyone has to take. So, Rolf worked with Frank in setting that up and put in the elements of research into that, in terms of what is doable by students. In other words they didn't want to -- sometimes for a three-credit course, it's not a thesis course, what people would have to go to Washington, D.C. or wherever to follow up on actual primary sources, but certainly other things that could be worked on. I know Rolf worked a lot with the Library of Congress holdings, I know he worked a lot, we had done a project together of some of the sources on Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. So Rolf worked on that with his class and I tied that in working through the library.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4134.68,4259.779"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So it's a very, interesting, because again, if I'm being repetitive, I want to be repetitive! I want to say that this is so important, the library working together with all the different departments. History was one that, you know, I've worked with, haven't worked as closely as Rolf worked with it, and some of the other departments, I don't mention anything about the sciences because we have a science librarian, Subash Gandhi, who works closely with them. It's, you know, impossible to really work closely with all of them because then the problem would be you're spreading yourself too thin, but you certainly want to cover the departments. I worked a lot with accounting, with economics, and they of course, at Queens College that makes up the business component. I've worked with Spanish all these years, and I work now a lot with psychology, because we had to, in a sense, do it when people leave, when we have these downsizings, we couldn't just say, \"Oh well, forget about psychology.\" It is the biggest major here at Queens College, undergraduate major. So that's something we had to work with, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4260.01,4330.539"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah we've been, we've been referring -- this just for the person who's listening in the future. We've been referring to the History Honors reception that we were both, we just happened to both be at, earlier today, and just kind of going along with that, do you as a librarian do you, do you, do you make it a point to show up to these kinds of things or just show up to different departmental events to kind of network with departments, or do you, do you outreach, actively outreach, or do you find that they reach out to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4333.79,4369.27"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh I think it's a combination of both. I think once you know you planted your feet in the department working with them, working with book budgets, a lot of times I would say, you know we get a book budget...P.S. they've been very meager; if you know, if you know Mario Cuomo [New York Governor Andrew Cuomo], tell him to step up funding for CUNY and SUNY, but they've been very meager. But you have to work with the departments I think closely and you try to buy the best books possible. But my feeling almost is if it's not the best book possible but it's something that is going to be used and heavily used, I think that's even more important than -- we want to buy the best, but we have to buy what is going to help with our program. I'm saying we don't, they wouldn't require us to buy the best book, no no, I'm just saying that we have to work closely with the faculty. So excuse me when we buy stuff we have to buy stuff that we feel is appropriate for Queens College and what's going to be used here at Queens College. So, getting to know the faculty, working with them, I think then it becomes a two-way street so that if something like this is happening in the History Department because we've worked with them before, they'll think about, hey let's invite the librarian. Same thing with the Spanish department. I will be at their ceremony after graduation on the 30th of May. The graduation should end by 11, 11:30 and they are having their individual honors and reception or whatever at 12:30, so yes, they have invited me because they felt I was part of the department in the sense that I've done presentations for them, I've worked with them, they worked with me in trying to buy the books that we feel are most appropriate for Queens College and trying to establish the databases that are most appropriate, trying to get the journals that are most appropriate for what they are doing here at Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4369.96,4496.659"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So it ends up becoming a two-way street and at the beginning it's just like, you know, the first time around you don't know anyone -- well, you got to go out and meet people and you got to do stuff and I think you know that means going to meetings, or working with them on different committees through the college that...That happened, I think it's happened a lot with me in the sense that I worked on committees with people. I was the, for two years, no I'm sorry four years, they were four separate one-year terms, I was the chair of the Academic Senate. So again I've worked with people on committees of the Senate, I worked on the executive committee and then working with the, the whole college. That was important. So committees like the undergraduate curriculum committee, the graduate curriculum committee. These are the committees that approve and set up the curricula for all the classes. So these are some of the committees that definitely, I had to work through. I wasn't on them but I worked with them and I got to know the people that are on them and certainly someone from the Spanish department ends up on that committee. You might ask them, \"Hey Alvaro, what do we need to get this to work?\" And he would come back and say, \"OK from the library's point of view this is what we need.\" So those relationships do work. It's good to have new blood in the sense of, you know, new people come in and it's good to sometimes have old farty blood too in the sense because they got to know people and work with them. The ideal would be that as new people come on they transition and they get to know some of the people in the different departments. Talking about the library school I think over the years Izabella Taler and someone you would have worked closely with the library school and as a whole we've worked with the library school in the sense that I know I've taught a couple of courses downstairs, a couple of sections over the years. I think it's 701, I could look it up, but...So we have had librarians that have taught down there, and you know it's an interesting relationship that we have with Colleen Cool, Roberta Brody, [Kwong Bor] Ng, some of those guys, so yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4496.84,4643.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Probably every single day is a little bit different, or is it different? I'm just kind of wondering if you could describe like a typical day in your life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4649.64,4660.319"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, some of the things that, that I do on a typical day would involve for instance as a reference librarian, reference. So we do reference with students for X amount of hours per week. We do, I was mentioning the bibliographic liaison and that we do, there's homework on  that, it's not just all glamour, man. You think it's just, no -- some of it is homework and we have to go through things that I use a lot, I'm looking around at choice cards and I'm looking around at publishers' catalogs and things like that. So, that kind of thing. And some of it becomes a little bit tedious, you know, you have to check to see if we own it, check to see if CUNY owns it, check to see if the price is outlandish or not outlandish compared to what budgets are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4661.58,4719.659"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So a lot of the process of this liaison not only involves talking to the department but then coming back and placing the orders. A lot of times now we've been doing electronic stuff so we have to work closely with, not that we haven't, but closely with our acquisitions librarian and that of course dovetails now with our acquisitions librarian in CUNY. So CUNY has an Electronic Resources Advisory Committee which is made up, I think right now it's our electronic resources librarian not our acquisitions librarian, but she then would go there and look at the purchase of databases, things like that. So some of the areas that we, for instance with languages, Queens College does a big thing. So there's a database called the Modern Language Association International bibliography. That's something that is a total must for us. Other databases there's one called CINAHL and it has to do something with nursing. Well, we don't teach nursing here. But again this is something that has to be hashed out at this ERAC level that colleges, let's say like Queens, maybe Hunter, Brooklyn, that have big language programs. You have to have that. Other places like City College, Hostos and I think Queensborough that have a nursing program have to have the nursing literature. So it's something that even though we don't use, this is what the ERAC committee would do. They would sit down and hash this kind of stuff out and we would then be giving input to our ERAC person to say, hey MLA, this is something that we've got to have, whether we get it from Gale or we get it from EBSCO. This is something for you guys to work out, which one gives us the better deal. Which one would have maybe more online coverage within their journal database. That's something to be worked out, but the MLA as an example is an absolute minimum necessity. As, for instance, library literature would be for anyone that runs the G.S. -- runs the Graduate Library and Information School. So these are some of the things that we would work out. GSLIS people might say well, why would another school need that? And you're right. Why would another school need it? So maybe that's not as big. However, librarians at other colleges might find it interesting because of the research they are doing, that kind of thing. So that library literature is something that again has been worked out, a package. Some of the other ones that are more general, there's one that, very general, Academic Search Complete maybe took the place of a Reader's Guide, it amplified it a little bit more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4719.96,4884.01"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But these are some of the things that all CUNY would have to share. Databases, for instance, that would include The New York Times. That's something that all CUNY has to share. So is Nexus Uni or the National Newspaper Index. These are databases that are absolute necessities here at Queens College. So these are some of the things that we would, would be working out through, from individual department-type requests. That would work up to the individual librarian, the individual librarian would try to say, \"OK where can we get this? How can we do it?\" And then working with CUNY ERAC, Electronic Resources Advisory Committee, to try to get the databases that all CUNY would want, and perhaps if not all CUNY would want something, then to make up four or five colleges that would have similar programs -- like for instance, in education I know we're the biggest in Queens. I think that title is held by Lehman in the Bronx, Hunter in Manhattan, and Brooklyn College in Brooklyn. So all those would be very, very interested in databases like the ERIC database. So that's the kind of thing that they would be working out even if all of CUNY did not want it. Certainly, maybe those five, six, seven, throw in City College, would want a package that would take us there. Same thing with business. There might be more advanced business stuff that four or five colleges would want and other colleges would not want. So this is one of the biggest certainly, this area of bibliographic liaison. And as I said it's something that you have to work with. Looking up, or looking across at the different departments you're working with and then looking across at the CUNY resources, working through our electronic resources librarian and our acquisitions librarian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=4884.25,5003.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Another big area that I've always been involved with and, maybe, well I certainly enjoyed it,  I thought was the area of bibliographic instruction. I enjoy that part especially because I find it, you know, working with students, presenting the different databases and trying to present it in a way that I certainly would want to get my message across. Some of the stuff I've always felt that, you know, we could be as erudite and as wonderful as we can but if the students don't get it, it doesn't go anywhere. So I would a lot of times try to maybe zero in on what I felt was the most essential part and focus on that. And maybe it was less essential, well maybe not do it, and less essential and less important are two different things. Sometimes you can't cover everything, you have a limited amount of time, and sometimes by covering too much you detract from what you have to cover. So I think it's a thing that I've always tried to zero in on the bibliographic instruction part -- as I said, I've enjoyed that part, I've enjoyed trying to do that and it's something that you try to set at the particular level. A lot of times, for instance, if you have a class and the question comes up, you know, or even a reference question, a student might want stuff about Goya. You say, Oh Goya, OK, is that about the beans or is that about the artist? And that might be a good starting off point for bibliographic instruction, if you're doing bibliographic instruction about Goya, and it's about the beans then, you know, maybe you would want a business database and if it's about Goya the artist, then you might want an art database. And if they're not sure, well, what else? Then you might want to do a very multidisciplinary database. And the one I suggested before was like the old days, would be Reader's Guide. Right now my equivalent for that would be Academic Search Complete, which would do a little bit of everything; maybe nothing in depth or the depth you would need if you're doing a master's project on Goya the artist. But it would certainly give you preliminary stuff both at a magazine level and a journal level, preliminary, on Goya, and the same thing if it were the beans, certainly you could get a few articles on Goya the company and you can get a few things, a journal article maybe telling how Goya is one of the biggest companies, certainly I think it's the biggest Hispanic-owned company in the United States. I mean these are the kinds of things that would determine, and the bibliographic instruction I think should be geared at that level. You don't want to do stuff at the Goya level for artist when you're talking about the beans and you don't want to do the opposite either. So I think it's good that you know, you want to do something, focus it and then try to especially look at that focus that you're giving and the class works that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5005.24,5197.91"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh it's difficult, I agree. Sometimes people at different levels have different ways you know, their reception or whatever, well, that's maybe why we have the reference desk. If someone didn't understand something, you follow up. If it wasn't deep enough, or complex enough, my presentation for someone that needed it, that's why we have the reference desk and to take it one step further, that's why we have a whole art library. If you're doing Goya the artist, and I certainly am not an expert in it, although I do have a Goya painting up there. OK. That's what you'd want to do is follow up. So I think the idea too is that the classes have to be geared towards the group that you're doing. And I've always, all the years I've been here and even at the College in New Rochelle, that was one of my favorite areas, bibliographic instruction, and trying to get the students in that class at the level that they need for that particular class with materials. So that was always interesting. So I don't know how many things I've covered now, I covered the reference aspect, I've covered the bilbliographic liaison, working with departments aspect, I've covered the bibliographic instruction part, which is librarians in a college setting, we do a lot. Then the other thing too is working with committees, whether it's a college, a departmental committee. We have a few committees here. I've worked on those. And then there's committees that are college-wide, and certainly the Academic Senate is probably one of those. I've been with the Senate ever since I've been here working in some capacity. And then there's the uh CUNY-wide committees. LACUNY, for instance -- the Library Association of the City University of New York -- is a CUNY-wide committee where we're looking at different functions within CUNY; it might be broken up as reference, it might be broken up as electronic resources, and CUNY does that. And then of course at the more national level there's the ALA, the American Library Association, and a lot of times too they break up along those lines. ACRL looks more at academic libraries. The Freedom to Read Foundation is across the board. It could be with public libraries but it also could go up to the academic library level. So service, there's a component of service to the department, service to the college and service to the profession and all those three would have components that you could realize whether it's at the ALA level, at the LACUNY level or at the college department level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5198.4,5375.56"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e And I think really what happens is that a librarian should have his or her fingers in a few of those pies. Not everything, because you're limited, but certainly maybe do something on campus. Certainly do something either at the LACUNY level or the ALA level because that brings you into contact with certain other things. So a lot of it could be, you know, where your interests lie, how you feel that you most want to spend the time you have. But I think it's important that you do spend it in a few different areas. If you do just one thing, it's very limiting. If everything you do is at the national level, yeah, but you don't get to build up that rapport, that working with people at different levels here at the college. You don't get to work with people like Frank Warren, Elena Frangakis-Syrett, from the History Department, and that's important too. It's not just working at that level. So you do sometimes have to spread yourself a little bit thin, but I think that's part of the component. And those are the components that, by the way, the college is judging you on. So the college is judging you on service to the college, service to the department, service to the profession. They're judging you on librarianship, and librarianship is made up of all these factors, and they're judging you also on publications. So all those components make up what you have to do. So to do a little bit of each is good in the sense that if there were a checklist, you could check off each one, say yes, check, check, check. I've done this, I've done that, I've tried to do my best in this area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5375.86,5481.109"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, we are running a little out of time, but I did want to ask just, if there's anything else you wanted to add to this interview?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5490.429,5501.04"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e You know I was looking at some notes that I had over here and I think I really covered everything that I would want to cover. You know, some of the stuff, challenges facing librarians, sure, I think I've talked a little bit about that as we look into the future and some of the stuff. I think the most, most of us could do is look maybe, most and that's really good, people look five years into the future, after that is just too tenuous. Then you gotta go to the thinkers, those people that are paid and those geniuses that you know all they do is sit in a cocoon or whatever they sit in, and think and stuff like that. Yeah it's, it's almost impossible, certainly for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5502.66,5553.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Will you stay involved with Queens College after you retire?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5555.95,5560.88"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, one of the things I was already approached by the QC Retirees Association, David Speidel is the chief on that. So, yeah, I told Dave, I gave my address, so that that's certainly. I still have a year left on the University Faculty Senate so that even though, let's say, my plan is June 30th would be my last day. But I would take July and August off as vacation. A lot of people do that, and then I would be on what they call a Travia leave, that's -- Travia was a bill that was put in that SUNY and CUNY employees, and I'm not sure if others, we would get half of our sick time. And that would probably start around September 1st so technically, I'm on the books till maybe the beginning of the year which would, let's say January 2020 and I refer to that time, January 2020, as when I would be on -- yeah, because I would still be employed by Queens College, whether I'm employed being here, or employed as vacation time, or employed as sick time, and sick time translates half of your sick time is paid to you. That would translate into that. So I would, even though June 30th might be my last day, I would still be on the books into January of  2020. So I use 2020 as my eventual date -- 35 years and 45 years in the profession. Give or take a few months, that's OK, don't worry about it.  At 45 years you don't, you don't argue about that. So yeah. So no, I still see myself involved in Queens College and I would see myself still involved in using their resources because we do get, my ID card, whatever it is, becomes a retiree's card and some of the stuff that even though I could use at the public library I might want to use here because of faster service or whatever. Yeah. So no, and I live here close by. So it'd be just as easy sometimes for me to come here as it would to go to the Bayside branch of the Queens Library, to come here to Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5561.81,5695.369"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess the last -- what are you going to, what are you going to miss about this place and what are you not going to miss about working here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5699.2,5704.12"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, one of the things, one of the things I will miss is that I have to be up every day, let's say at 9 o'clock or whatever. Last night I got in very late from the UFS, I didn't get in till about 10, 10:30, and then I had to drink something, whatever and then calm, not calm down, what do you call that? Chill a little bit before going to bed. And then I had to be up today and I had to be here so that like turnaround time was very, very, little. So that I won't have to, you know, if I'm out late I don't have to turn around and be here, so that I certainly won't miss. I guess the thing I would miss the most is you know working with some of the people I've worked with for a long time, and I know there's been turnover there, and working with some of the people that either long term, I've known them, or short term. I think I'll miss those interactions, and you'll say, oh yeah, will I miss everybody? No, there's some people I'll be happy not to ever see again in my life. It's, you know, that, that, that happens too. That's just the way things work out. So I guess I'm sad because of those people that I maybe won't see as much. And you know things happen, you start going in a different direction. You know, you can't be here if you're in Tennessee and stuff like that but that's, you know, things happen that way. So I probably say a lot of times, you know, the people that have been here, I would most miss.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5708.98,5795.327"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Great. Anything else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5803.209,5804.209"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Gee, I think I've covered everything. I know we have to do the disclaimer right?  Do we have to do that on tape or that, that we do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5804.529,5811.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, I think that's it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5812.66,5813.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e No I really said, I think everything I have to say. And thanks for not coughing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5815.27,5819.933"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5824.56,5825.56"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528/transcript/27898/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100528#t=5825.68,5826.121"}]}]},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100529","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 5 - 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Today is May 15th 2019. It is 2:46. We are in Manny's office in Rosenthal Library on the campus of Queens College, City University of New York, in Flushing,New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=7.19,31.69"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, start from the beginning. Whatever that means to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=35.8,38.763"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e OK. Just add it's room 311.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=38.89,40.123"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Room 311, your office.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=41.97,42.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e There you go. So if you have to call for emergency -- 311, that's it. Let's see, I don't know where to begin. I started here at Queens College in 1985, and at that time the library was in what is now, well it was then, in... what was the name of it? It's the building where the English department is. It's not Powdermaker. It's Klapper. Yeah, the library was in Klapper Hall from, until December of 1987. And then we moved here beginning in February for the semester, February of 1988. And we've been here now I guess 31 years. So it's a long time. Just to mention when the building was built, I don't think anyone knew the kind of technological changes that were going to go on. I think they had some suspicions but never the amount and the kind of technology that was going to happen. And over the years then we've seen some really big renovations where we've gone to a building that didn't have enough electricity to try to put more electricity; didn't have enough connectivity, putting in a lot more connectivity. So over the years we've done a series of projects to try to keep the building up to the current standards of connectivity and usage and that kind of thing for not only faculty, but students and staff of course. So the building, you know, has changed and I think librarianship has also changed a lot during these last 31 years. Certainly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=44.489,154.459"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And what's your title here? Has it changed over time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=158.52,159.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I'm a reference librarian. Over the years we've had in-house titles -- for instance, reference coordinator, bibliographic instruction liaison, that kind of thing. I guess the one if outstanding -- and outstanding in that case meaning that it was out of the ordinary -- was that for two years I was the acting chief librarian. So we went through two acting chief librarians. Before me was Rolf Swensen, he did it for two years. According to CUNY rules, you could only be acting or substitute for two years. Rolf did it for two years, then I did it for two years and, now let's see, it'll be I think August 30th or something like that, Kristin Hart will have been here for two years. So within the last couple of -- eight years -- we've had four different librarians. Two permanent --  Robert Shaddy at the beginning, Kristin Hart now -- and as I mentioned, Rolf and me, sandwiched in between for two years apiece. I know you have a question, but one of the bad things is, I think, when there's that much turnover in a short amount of time, it's not good for the library because it doesn't give the library good direction. The library, more than I think, let's say, a classroom...well, I shouldn't say that...but the library really needs a long-term plan. It has to grow. It has to change the way we did from a building that didn't have enough connectivity, electricity to what we have now. So the fact that it was four librarians within eight years, it makes things choppy and I'm looking forward now that Kristin will be here for quite a while and give us more continuity into the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=162.72,280.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you think -- what is gonna be the future of Rosenthal Library, if you can share. What do you think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=282.66,287.041"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, some of the things that have happened -- for instance, a good case in point is the first floor of the library, and this is really very concrete. When we came here the first floor of the library was set up for periodicals and it had a study area. Little by little now that first floor, a lot by a lot, what's changing now is the periodicals and I'm talking about the periodicals in paper. We're hoping to move them to an off-site location where they will reside. I mean they're ours, we paid for them, the college paid for them and they will still be accessible, but it won't be the access we once had. It won't be this possibility of looking through, paging through, let's say a periodical from the 1950s and seeing what kind of stuff was going on. That aspect of sort has been taken away, but at the same time another aspect that's taken its place with the use of databases and things like that, where we can be searching not only through the bibliographic information of a particular periodical, not only through let's say the abstract, the summary of that, but now with databases like JSTOR, Project Muse, we have the capability of searching an entire article. It's great, I think that's wonderful. Did we lose a little bit? Yes, we lost maybe a little bit but we gained a lot more. So the fact that the first floor, the periodicals are going to be in an off-site location, our idea then would be maybe to send someone over there once a day if it's necessary and do a scan of a particular article and then email it to the student, faculty, staff whatever it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=291.05,402.792"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So the idea is a little bit different. Did we lose something? Yeah, maybe we lost a little bit but we gained a lot too because of the different access points, a different way things are done. And that first floor is a good example of that. Some of the things that'll happen then on the first floor just won't be a vacuum and become a bigger area for student studying and stuff. Yes, that'll still stay. But we're talking about putting an enlarged maker space. We're talking about putting the Center for Teaching and Learning, which will be integrated into the library and they'll have their offices and rooms down there. We'll be having probably a librarian integrated into that whole setup. So the first floor definitely will have a lab down there and it'll be maybe a Business Lab, the equivalent of an old ticker room. Again, that technology is gone but certainly the Bloomberg databases, which are very, very expensive -- I think you're talking about $30,000 a year -- and the way they're being used now at Queens College maybe was 9 to 5 Monday to Friday or Monday to Thursday in the Economics office. By putting a center in the library where we're open seven days a week -- we have more hours than anybody else except security -- so that'll have much more access to this kind of setup, and I think that's the way the library is going in the first floor. Again, we'll be looking at that kind of bringing in this newer technology and creating a place that gives students access and again much, much more access. We're a seven-day-a-week operation. Granted, Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays are not as busy as Monday to Thursday, but it still allows that opportunity for people that need it, and the library tries to accommodate that and certainly on a Monday to Thursday, we open up at 7:30 in the morning, the library building itself, and we close I think it's 12 midnight or 12:30, and now starting tonight, we're 24 hours [ed. note: during the final exam period] so that idea of accessibility -- take away the 24-hour part, though -- the idea of accessibility from 7:30 a.m. to 12 midnight certainly allows for a lot more usage of materials, of databases, of the kinds of things that maybe when this library opened up in '88 were not, certainly not, available and not as open as they are now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=403.13,561.669"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get into librarianship?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=565.72,567.559"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I got into librarianship...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=569.35,570.64"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Or, why? How or why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=572.84,574.12"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e The reason I got into librarianship -- first of all, when I got out of, graduated from college, things were not so good. This was around 1971, '72, '73. As a matter of fact, that was one of the first big recessions we had, all this craziness. At that time I wasn't part of CUNY, but CUNY went through a retrenchment and we actually got rid of people, we downsized, and we had very, very big fiscal problems in CUNY. And that was the case throughout, you know, education, stuff like that. So I, I was looking around and I had a Master's in Spanish. I'd gotten that, I think I graduated in about '72, '73, and there were really very, very few openings. And I had heard that there were openings in the area of library, library science and actually now that I look back on it, one of the things that appealed to me is, I'm very orderly, I like everything in order. As I look around my office -- oh my God, this is out of order -- I want everything orderly. It doesn't have to be spanking clean. There could be dust or whatever, but the idea of order very much appealed to me and then as I realized it, I got a job where they actually pay me to put things in order and I guess that's the difference between a room full of books and a library. A room full of books -- they're just books. But a library, everything has to be in order, everything has to be accessible, everything has to be gotten at. And I think that's one of the main duties of librarians, whether they're working in a library or working on the Internet. A lot of the Internet is a bit chaotic and one of the things that librarians do with the Internet, as an example, is try to bring order to it, and the order -- you say, well, you don't need that. You do need it. Because it's a matter of finding materials, of getting at materials. And as I said the order, then, is the backbone of any library or any library operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=576.6,721.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So as I said, this was something I could just go hog wild and do stuff just the way I wanted. And I get paid for it. So it was sort of a good thing that I did go into librarianship. And of course in CUNY and most college libraries -- I worked before at the College of New Rochelle, which by the way just went belly up, and CUNY has offered to take in some of their students now so that they can finish out -- at the College of New Rochelle, they also required a second Master's, so it fit in very well with the Spanish. And here at Queens College all these years I have been working with the Spanish department as a bibliographic liaison. And most of the time in college libraries you usually see that kind of specialty; someone definitely -- it's not enough just being a librarian, you have to have something else to work with. And I worked a lot with the Spanish department. Things happen though, because of budget cuts and that kind of thing; over the years I've ended up working with the economics department here at Queens College, accounting, which is very closely related, business. And you'll say, well, what background did I have for that? Other than a course that Queens College paid for me to take, business librarianship, I didn't have any background, but I learned and I worked with people in the departments and I think that was probably one of the best things that could happen. Librarians have to work with the faculty and the college. And I became, some of my closest friends here at the college came because I had to work very closely with departments that I didn't know a lot about. Again, I knew much more about Spanish and I have worked closely with them -- again, that one I think worked out well too. But the idea that you have to have a little bit more than just an MLS -- that is certainly, without a doubt, true in a college setting. So usually the typical thing is two Master's -- an MLS and a second Master's. I know some of my colleagues -- I spoke about Rolf Swensen before, he had a Ph.D in English, so of course -- in English, I'm sorry, in history -- and Rolf worked with the history department and he worked with the political science department. We have to, you know, you have to do things sometimes you're not familiar with. Now towards the end of my career I've also been working with the psychology department. And you say, what do I know about psychology? Well, back in 1967 I might have read Penguin Freud, but other than that, you learn. You have to learn and you have to work with the departments as much as you can and you rely on their expertise and their knowledge in trying to set up the bibliographic access, the bibliographic books, periodicals, that are needed so that it really is a partnership here in the library. You're not working alone; you have to be working with the faculty. And as I said, each of us usually have their own particular area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=721.83,915.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e If I go on too long, cut me off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=919.32,920.92"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No. No. Keep going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=920.94,922.26"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of my -- I notice in the classroom sometimes with students, and I've told them this, hey, if I go on too long, do a polite cough. I know what that means, I'll stop. So you do a polite cough and I'll know that I'm talking too much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=922.33,940.919"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh no, no. This is supposed to be for you talking, I'm supposed to not talk! Do you think there's something kind of, I don't know, unique about librarians that we can kind of, or I don't know, that we can kind of go, can go throughout...I don't know what my question is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=941.63,966.644"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let me just get you, this I planned for, so, this is for you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=969.0,975.409"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=975.78,976.619"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e That aside, I already drank water. I think one of the unique things about a librarian, and I'm going to maybe talk about education settings because that's all I've worked in. I worked here, it'll be going on 35 years next year. I worked in the College of New Rochelle before that, but before that I was in educational settings where the library was part of a bigger institution. It wasn't the sole purpose of the institution. So that -- I think one of the big things is that librarians and the ones I've seen really have to work well with others. You know, not only you have to work well with the students but you have to work, and I mentioned it before, with the faculty, with the administration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=976.62,1027.209"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Here at the college level -- I talked about faculty before. Let me talk a little bit about, in my two years as chief librarian, probably the most important thing I learned was, you've got to get along with the provost. And you say, how come the provost? Well, in this case, because she controls the purse strings for the library. So if it's gonna be a relationship that's antagonistic or not working then the library is not going to work. And maybe the person who is the chief librarian should be looking to step down or step aside and get someone who can work with the provost because that's really where all the money flows from. And you're going to say, well, that's giving up, you know, your ideals. No, it's not. It's working within the reality of the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1027.359,1079.93"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Unfortunately over the years I've seen a lot of cuts here. Before I got here, and I got here in '85, going back to about 1980, there were about 40 librarians working at Queens College. That number has since been halved. You say, oh my God, how could that have happened? Well some of it was logical, because some of it happened with the dawn of the online systems, the dawn of computers and stuff like that. And this is an aside, but I'll do it, that when I was in library school and I started about '73, graduated in '75 -- oh my God, 45 years, next June!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1080.7,1125.854"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e From where?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1126.184,1127.184"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, yeah. It took me about three years to graduate because I had to do it part time. But that was Pratt in '75. The only course I remember taking that had anything to do with computers was one about, talking about the OCLC, and back then OCLC stood for the Ohio Computer Library Consortium. And I don't think they knew, and I don't think a lot of people knew at that time, how important the application of computers was going to be. If they knew it, they certainly didn't tell me, but that was maybe the first time I saw it and that, then OCLC even changed its initials and now it's the online, uh, computer consortium of library. So it changed; it changed because the whole scope of the library changed in those days, years, and the computer access became much more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1128.52,1189.7"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So we had in the library all these 40 librarians and a lot of it might have been printing and filing cards for the card catalog. Well, that went by the wayside as people saw the ability of OCLC as a bibliographic utility to do a lot more and incorporate a lot of this into the idea of an online catalog. And that was one of the first things I think we started to see. Yes. Then the number of librarians diminished because we didn't need that quantity of people doing that kind of cataloging; every book had to be like original cataloging and certainly with CIP and a lot of that, it became -- cataloging in publication -- it became much more evident that shrinking the numbers was something that had to happen for -- that was the future of libraries. Did we go too far? Yeah, probably like a lot of things, we probably went too far; we could have repositioned some of those librarians in other areas, but it just meant more and more cuts in other areas unfortunately. But the fact that we went from 40 to 20, that was certainly something that, as we invested more heavily in computers, and then of course we went into the area of computer databases. I remember it started out, and I'm looking over here at CD-ROMs that we put in and out of computers, that kind of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1189.91,1278.299"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e And finally with the Internet, in about I think it was 1993 when I first saw it, I said, I said to myself, wow, this seems like it's going to change things a lot. And of course I was so insightful -- yeah, like I saw anything! People saw it before, but definitely the changes started to come very quickly then with the Internet and the use of databases and online periodicals and we mentioned that, how the first floor in the library changed as an example of that kind of setup. So we went from maybe more personnel to maybe more in the area of electronics and whatever it was -- you have to work, it doesn't matter the time, whether it's 1985 or now coming up 2019, 2020 next year -- you really have to work closely with the administration. And as I said here the administrator, and I assume this is the same in CUNY and I assume it was the same in the College of New Rochelle, there'd be a senior vice president or the provost, and that person works very closely with the chief librarian and the entire budget process that staffs and gives the librarians materials.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1278.63,1359.669"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And how do you, how do you advocate for the library? Do you have specific tips? I know that's a big thing in our field is advocating for your job, or advocating for budgets, or for funding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1361.2,1365.505"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. I'm going to relate this again to I think some of the stuff that I've seen, I was mentioning that over the years I worked closely with the accounting department and I think that was a great example of the library and departmental faculty working together. We had at that time, we did mostly with books and insert services where you would get, let's say a thousand pages of the Internal Revenue Code and the code then, and I'm looking at it, I must've thrown it away, the old one, and you would interfile that. Of course, then the computer started taking over where we could have the Internal Revenue Code updated either through the government or through sources like Commerce Clearing House, CCH. So what ended up happening there was that the accounting department actually would come to us and say hey this, the inserts, that we're pulling out and putting in, this is no longer what students are required to do in the real world. And I think back then the accounting there was the Big 8. And of course they've shrunk into the big two or the big one or whatever it is now. But we were working with the accounting department. I say we, the acquisitions librarian, myself, the liaisons from the accounting department, and what we tried to do was remake the library resources in terms of what the students had to use to get jobs, to get placed. So what went from an older system of paper and a system of, well, paper journals that still became a big factor, but especially in this field where a good example is the code and the commentary that goes with the code. That all became online and we had to adapt to that. If anyone and I -- I'm sorry, I used to keep a copy of the, and I'm cleaning house a little bit, a copy of the old Internal Revenue Code from 1984 and I would go into a classroom a lot of times and show that, and if anyone said you knew what this was I'd tell them get out, because you are a dinosaur! This is dead. This does not work anymore. And as I said what we did going, working with people like Steve Solieri, like Barry Leibowicz, we updated our system and we got material in electronic format through the Internet. Again, through companies like CCH, companies like Wolters Kluwer, that kind of thing, and it ties it in, and this is the exact same kind of thing that students are going to see when they go out to the work world. An interview is not going to tell them to look up on page 427 of the code or whatever. No, it's gonna be an electronic thing. Have you ever worked with the CCH? Have you ever worked with Wolters Kluwer products? This and that. So I think the library, in that case, it was a great example of the library and the faculty working together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1377.77,1579.539"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e In other areas, some of the other areas, for instance in areas where there is more of a relationship with monographs and things like that. History is a good example, and I mentioned Rolf Swensen and I'll mention Rolf again, history monographs of course are very, very big part of the history collection we just saw that today in monographic -- I forget the guy's name, Sen? They had to do an essay on a book that was written by Satadru Sen. So monographs are still very important. Again, what's happening now too, we are increasing our book collection in electronic format, whether it's reference books or monographic publications. We're up to about, I'd say now 15 percent of our collection is electronic. So some of the stuff that again happened there is not only providing the actual databases, e-book collections, etc., but also in the library the ability for students to access it, for students if they had to download, print, if they had to print parts of it. So the library again has changed there in that we're looking at different materials. We're looking at the same materials presented in a different way, and if we don't have the way of keeping up with that, then we're not doing the students the justice that has to be done, especially in accounting. For history, for the arts, interview someone else, OK? To give you more insight. But that's, you know, I have seen the change in history, in the arts -- those areas too have changed the way things are accessed a lot more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1581.07,1690.23"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, maybe we should go, go more toward your personal life. Where did you, where did you grow up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1698.21,1702.79"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh well, I was born in Manhattan, right across the street from St. John the Divine on Cathedral Parkway, which is also known as 110th Street. My parents, at that time we lived in the Bronx, but I moved, we moved back out of the Bronx to Queens -- Flushing -- and I grew up maybe about five miles at most from Queens College, of course never knowing that I would be intimately related to Queens College for 35, yeah, going on 35 years. My brother graduated from here, he went to Queens College. He graduated in 1975 which was one year before 1976, and that was an important year for Queens College because that's when probably our most famous alum graduated and that was Jerry Seinfeld. At that time there were about 30,000 students here at Queens College. So I've asked my brother quite a few -- \"You don't remember Jerry? You'd never saw him?\" and my brother said no, no, no. So that was 19 -- he graduated in '75 and Jerry in '76.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1703.98,1785.999"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I graduated from NYU, the Heights, which is no longer there. That was in the Bronx in 1971. During that time, during my four years at the Heights and one year of graduate school, when I was doing my Master's in Spanish, so two years total, I lived in Spain. That was back starting in '69, '70, and then I think a year here back in the United States, and one --  so I think it was, something like two years back then, so it was between '69 and about '73, '72 that I lived in Spain for two years and both years of course I was studying in the B.A. program and the Master's program. So that was there. After I got back, well, I got my M.A. I think -- I'll have to check -- it was 1973, and as I said, they were really very, very few jobs available. As a matter of fact I worked for about two years as a subway conductor on the New York City Transit Authority, so I'm a bit of a subway and a railroad buff. I have the whole, the entire map of the New York City subways, I'm not bragging now but, and I'm gonna point, I have the entire map right up here, right up here in my culo. So there you go. Is that alright to say culo in an interview? And I'm pointing up here. That's how smart I am, all in my culo, alright.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1786.41,1886.572"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e At the same time I was going to, we mentioned Pratt, I was taking courses towards the M.L.S. And my first job then was September of 1975. So that's what I was saying, yep, it'll be, next year it'll be 45 years in librarianship. And out of those 45 about 40 will have been in higher education, and about five were at the New York Bilingual Institute and about two years at the Delaware Valley Job Corps Center. So always, but I've always worked mainly with adults so I would say, when I say adults, people over 18 years old, the students were 18 and over. And I always worked, of course, in educational institutions. I've never been in a public library and again, maybe I'd just to go back, that's why I talk about the interaction between the faculty, the administration and the library. And if any of those three are missing, you can't do it. It's like this little tripod that's in front of me. The tripod will not stand on just two legs. It has to be three. It has to be the faculty, the administration and the library all working together on behalf of the students. Because if that's not there it's not gonna work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1888.43,1980.22"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e  After, let's see, so that was, I said, about two years in Spain. As I said I lived, well no, one of my jobs took me upstate New York. Beautiful in the summer, difficult in the winter, Sullivan County, because it's very, very, very cold. I think from then on I got to not like winter. So that's one of my problems, I still have to live with them. But that, that was a problem. I look forward to summers now. I look forward to the easy life of summer. Yes. There you go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=1983.97,2022.48"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e But I have to go back. What, what was it like working as a train conductor in the New York City subway?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2025.87,2032.059"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I was what they called -- no, no, I'm sure they still call it -- \"extra extra,\" so I was, there would be a people, a group of conductors and it was almost all exclusively males at that time, who were the extras would fill in for people that maybe would get sick or would be on vacation. I would fill in for the extras, so I would be extra extra. And because of a contract dispute at that time, almost all the time I was there I was always extra extra; I never had a chance to move up in the ranks. I eventually left to become a librarian. It was difficult in the sense that, you know,  I'd have to be here one day, there the next day. I remember one of the worst things was, I'd have to go to Coney Island just to pick up a train and then end at Coney Island and come back, and that would be after doing two roundtrips on the F. Oh my God, it was really a lot of, a lot of tedium when you had to do all that trip, and you say you could read. Yeah, there's just so much reading that you could do. But, it was good in the sense that that was my first full-time permanent job and I moved on from there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2035.53,2114.02"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I became a librarian and that was my next, I started out --  just today, by the way, and Regina's here sitting, so you sure you introduced yourself. They mentioned a guy named Joshua Freeman. Have you ever had classes with him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2114.44,2130.429"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2130.664,2131.664"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e No. He's a professor emeritus in the history department at CUNY, and I remember a couple of years ago being at that luncheon, I had met him before, and Joshua was talking about two of his big projects that he wrote -- he did a lot with labor history and of course he's done a lot with the PSC CUNY. And he talked about PSC CUNY at the meeting, and how this union has helped shape New York City. And I told him, \"Hey Joshua, I'm Manny Sanudo from the library.\" He said, \"Oh, glad to meet you,\" and this and that. And then I said, \"I'm a member of the PSC CUNY\" and he said, \"Yeah, yeah, so is everyone else here.\" And then I told him my first permanent full-time job was with the Transport Workers Union and his ears perked right up because he had also written about the Transport Workers Union. And he had written a lot about Mike Quill, and Mike Quill was the head of the TWU for many, many years and he was, if anything, he was belligerent. He really, and one of the, I remember one of the things, one of the strikes that they had, he told the mayor at that time, John Lindsay, \"He can drop dead in his black robes.\" And I'm sure Mr. Quill, even though he could probably speak perfect English, kept up that Irish brogue because I think that made him tough. So what I told Joshua about, I was a member of the TWU and I felt that that was the first union that I belonged to when I started working and that the PSC CUNY would probably be the last union I worked in my working life, he really warmed up to me. He said, \"Wow, I should interview you.\" I said no, no; no thank you!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2132.219,2236.889"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But I remember working with the Transport Workers Union. It was interesting in the sense that it was a mixture of everything back then, but no women. Now when I ride, for instance, the bus or the subway and I see a conductor and, you know now we have to distinguish whether it's a male or female, I don't know what the ratios are now, but I certainly, if the ratio, if there was one female conductor out of I don't know how many at that time, that was a lot. Women bus drivers, I don't think they existed, and motor women, well no, the title was motor man so there was obviously no such thing as a motor woman but that was, the union was different. And it, you know, the hours were rough. Yeah of course it was a seven-day-a-week operation, 24 hours a day. So sometimes, you know, you were out at odd hours and that's the kind of thing, but that's the way transit is in New York City, it's a 24-hour-a-day operation. People say, well you know, could we not do it that way or this or that. No, the answer is no. It just, it can't be, not in a city like New York. You take areas, and I was just there the other day, it's interesting, I was in Corona, and in Corona they will have bakeries that are open 24 hours a day. And you have to have it that way because you have people coming home from shifts that they've been working in, let's say a, a kitchen and they're just cleaning up the kitchen and they might not get off till 2 a.m. and they get home and they have to use the bakery at 3 a.m. to buy something because this is when their shift has ended. And you get the other people then that are getting up at 3 a.m. and maybe you have to have coffee and a piece of pastry to get them going, and they're starting at 3 a.m. because these restaurants have to be set up. Potatoes have to be peeled, onions. So it's a matter of, that, the way New York operates, it's a 24-hour-a-day city, and the transit system has to accommodate that. So when I hear people saying, oh no, we could cut down like in Montreal or Madrid, where I lived -- Madrid, I think, stopped maybe at about midnight and didn't get going maybe again till 5 a.m. It just wouldn't work given the economy that happens here in New York City.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2237.19,2390.829"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e  Madrid is a much smaller city. I know, well back then, I would do a lot of walking if I were out after midnight. New York, it's just impossible to do some of the stuff that we would have to do to walk from midtown Manhattan all the way out to Queens, to Corona, to Bayside, to Flushing. Can't be done, and keep up the kind of economy that we have here. So it's a 24-hour-a-day operation, seven days a week, and it's really the lifeline of the city. No matter how much people complain about the subways and how dirty they are, or this or that, it's just something we have to put in, money into, and this for me it goes back way even before I started with the transit, that this is the kind of city we have chosen to have. And this is the kind, then, of transportation, whether we choose it or not, this is the kind of transportation that we have to have. So whenever I go on the subways I'm very respectful of all the conductors, whether they're men or women, all the bus drivers, all the dispatchers, all the motor -- and I think it's, they call it motor person now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2391.42,2462.94"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e But you, so you live in Bayside now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2466.29,2467.382"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I live in Bayside. It's about four miles from here and it's about a nine-mile round trip, and I'm pointing to my bicycle, so I try to cycle as much as possible. If I don't cycle then I have to take the bus with all the masses. But I'd rather, much rather cycle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2469.47,2491.81"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Do you like riding your bike? Is it a hobby of yours?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2492.94,2497.51"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yeah, I think, in fact, yes, it's a hobby, I think. I go back to the time, well sure, in grammar school or even going back to, maybe this is 1955, wow there you go, of riding a bicycle. And I think I've ridden, all the time -- there was probably an exception maybe from about sophomore year in high school when I maybe was too, it wasn't fancy enough to ride a bicycle, until about sophomore year in college. Maybe that's about four years and taking out the two years I lived in Spain. So maybe about six years out of my whole life when I haven't ridden. And, as I said, I try to make this my transportation mode. I don't have a car. So this is what I have to do, and a lot of times I would make this -- for instance, last summer, myself and two other friends we, our vacation was a trip across Pennsylvania. And we started in Trenton and Trenton, of course, has Washington's Crossing just up the river from there on both the New Jersey and the Pennsylvania side. So we try to make it not just cycling, but a little bit more of a historical trip and tie in stuff with the cycling as we do it. And as we're going along of course we'd be seeing, you know, towns and stuff in Pennsylvania, but also we went to places that have real historical significance, for instance, Valley Forge. So we're at Valley Forge. Well, we went to the museum there, we cycled around the grounds. We stopped off at Gettysburg, I'd been there before. My other two friends, Richie and Richard, had not. Unfortunately, we could only spend about a day there which is nothing, nothing. If you're not there a minimum of three days you've seen nothing in Gettysburg, so you really have to do more time there. But no, that was again interesting, the fact that they had their first taste of it, sort of, you know, I enjoyed that they saw it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2498.23,2625.958"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the other things we saw was the 9/11 memorial in Shanksville. Again, something that maybe I wouldn't have gone to but on the bike that was something that we wanted to see. Very interesting, very interesting. With seeing the way that the airplane and the people on the airplane -- the place has, it's a part of the National Park System now. So it had recordings from the flight, from the people there, the way the plane came in, it ended up being a ball of fire. It was in the middle of nowhere, but very interesting. As matter of fact we were there in, let's see, I think it was July, and not to be outdone, Donald Trump then went there in September. And Donald Trump, I think is following in my footsteps. I lived in Flushing and he lived in Jamaica Estates. So we grew up parallel lives, we didn't know each other. He was a little bit older than me, a couple of years older than me. But I was I was at the 9/11 memorial about a month, two months before he went with Melania. Of course he went by car, I saw the limousine in the newsreels come right up and let him out. We did it the good old fashioned way, by bicycle. Some of the other stuff that we saw...Oh, I'm forgetting now some of the other places that we went to. One of the most interesting places, oh without a doubt, was we went to -- actually the trip took us across Pennsylvania, it was about 700 miles. We went into West Virginia. We stayed a couple of days, two days, in Wheeling, West Virginia. We saw the oldest suspension bridge in the country, which still crosses the Ohio River from Wheeling to an island in the middle. And then the Ohio goes around the island of course; that was interesting. We cycled up to  Steubenville and then went back to Pittsburgh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2626.57,2748.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e On the way to Pittsburgh, we stopped in Homestead, and Homestead was one of these places where, as a matter of fact my mother lived there, because my grandfather was a coal miner and a lot of the coal mining operation centered around that West Virginia, Pittsburgh, Homestead area, and Homestead was one of the areas of the blast furnaces and stuff like that where all the coal would come in to make coke and the coal mining and stuff like that. Homestead is changed completely but one of the things they preserved was an old blast furnace right across the river, right across the Monongahela, from Homestead. Very interesting and it really was, it was learning history by seeing it and the blast furnace, for instance, belonged to two names that are, and I'm holding it up right here, one was Andrew Carnegie and the other was Frick and these two guys -- you can't see it, I'll hold it up to the microphone!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2748.68,2812.823"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a stamp of Andrew Carnegie and you're going to say, Oh, I admire Andrew Carnegie. I do admire Andrew Carnegie for what he did for libraries, granted, I do, but I think he and his lieutenant ,Henry Clay Frick, were sons of bitches. Can I say that? For what they did, the worst strike in U.S. history was the Homestead Strike of 1892, where Carnegie told Frick, do whatever you have to do to get this plant moving. Well, Carnegie was away and Frick, I don't know how many miners and steelworkers and stuff were killed at the behest of Henry Clay Frick.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2813.24,2859.474"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But it's interesting to see the blast furnace, the way it was set up; again, a 24-hour-a-day, 365-day-a-year operation just like the transit. And what made it so interesting was that some of these jobs were some of the worst jobs that you could think of. Temperatures of 180 degrees, and if it went up 10 degrees, guys would start passing out. Again, all guys that ran in this; 10 degrees difference -- yes, that was the craziness, and some of the stuff that happened there that the, the way it was set up the coal and the way the coal was put in and the way the blast furnaces were cooled, it was just a recipe for disaster. But Carnegie and Frick were good guys, I said son of a bitches, they were good guys. They would let the family come in and take the bodies away. So they wouldn't deny the families taking bodies of dead workers away. It did pay a lot. So it, you know, it ended up that in the areas where I was seeing, for instance, there were a lot of Polish immigrants. My grandfather was from Spain. I know he did not speak English well, but he was a coal miner in Spain, he became a coal miner here. So you'd see a lot of immigrants. You'd also see a lot of Blacks. So these were the people that a lot of times would do this. And you know it's interesting, it was not just business. It was a whole thing of seeing the way a social scale, and the way people banded together. Interesting too that the way they would band together a lot of times would be the Poles would stay with the Poles, the Blacks with the Blacks. But this was the way I guess society was set up. Pittsburgh, very interesting city,  Homestead all that kind of thing. So the bike in a way, for me, is something I'd like to do to see history, to relive it but to relive it in a pace that I think is much more along the lines of the way things were set up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2859.77,2985.08"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the best rides I ever did was -- I was very lucky, in January, and I forget the year, I was by myself, we had off, and I went down and did the Stonewall Jackson flanking maneuver of the Union army and he took a back road and then ended up outflanking the Union army at Chancellorsvile and I was so lucky, beautiful day in January, I took that same road on my bike and came out just where the Union army would have been. So the bike allowed me to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=2985.35,3019.75"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the things I'm looking forward to doing too is I'd like to take the bike and do a Tennessee bicycling, because Tennessee was really one of the focal states for the Civil War. And from what I understand they conserved a lot of their history, unlike what we've done here, New York City. So places like Chattanooga, and I'm looking forward to see Chickamauga which is just south of the Tennessee border. Shiloh, these are some of the big places that were part of our Civil War and I think doing it by bicycle, I feel like you know I might be General Grant on his horse  following the path. There was certainly nothing mechanized back in those days. Everything was done either by marching or by horse. So there it is. I don't want to march, my feet hurt, so I'd rather do it by bicycle. So there's my, something I've been looking forward to that I'd really like to do. So in a sense the bike for me has been a way of seeing history, of doing it. There is no better way to do the Gettysburg battlefield than to do it by bicycle. There were no cars back then, everything was done on horseback or by walking and the bike is probably the most, closest thing we have to a horse now. I can't afford horses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3020.02,3105.809"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e When did your love of history start?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3107.67,3109.869"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3110.86,3111.86"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e When you started biking, or before that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3111.989,3113.165"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I always had, you know, I was never a history major or anything. It's interesting. This again, this is an aside, but I remember being in grammar school and being around guys that maybe weren't considered, oh, they were academically not that good and we would have history and they would not get such good grades in history and I would get good grades. Why? Teacher's brown-nose, whatever, I don't know. Hey, I did my, I did the reading, I did the notebook and stuff like that but I never ever developed, I think at that time this sort of love of history. And I remember one or two of my classmates who maybe didn't do as well, but oh my God, when they talked about Robert E. Lee, they talked about Ulysses S. Grant, they talked about Appomattox, they were actually living it. They enjoyed this. This for them was a passion. I don't think I ever had that. And it took me a while. Maybe it was years, years later with my friend Pete when he had this passion and he started doing some of this, you know, battlefields like Antietam, battlefields like Gettysburg, and he sort of, unfortunately Pete passed away, but he sort of planted this seed of going to these battlefields. I was at Gettysburg with Pete. Pete could not cycle because of whatever, I think it led to his downfall, heart problems, etc., but I sort of got this inspiration from him and it became, you know, sort of his passion -- he planted it, and maybe he was a good teacher. Yeah, that's what good teachers probably should do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3114.99,3234.019"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So what happened, that I didn't get this in grammar school, this seed planted in me, maybe it just wasn't fertile ground at that time. And other people who, let's say weren't doing as well, but the seed, this passion was planted in them and the way they spoke about Robert E. Lee at Gettysburg and Meade at Gettysburg, it just was incredible. And now I look back and I say wow those guys really loved it. And I've done other places -- I've been at Appomattox, I remember being there; Shelby Foote, and I have his books right up there, described the scene just as Robert E. Lee was trying to escape Appomattox. He had one way out, he was totally surrounded by the Union army and he had one way out was over this ridge. And he went over the ridge and as soon as he got to the top of the ridge the Union army completely surrounded him. And I remember reading it in Shelby Foote's A Civil War and then years later, a few years later I was actually there. Again, a beautiful January I took off and I was actually just on the same ridge that was described by Shelby Foote and I climbed that ridge and of course it was January, no one was around, but I closed my eyes and guess what? I saw the entire Union army out in front of me. So it really became a little bit of a passion that I know Pete had and that some of the guys had and it developed in me much later but, again, that was a bike trip and it was great that I could do what Robert E. Lee did and saw that Union army totally in front of me. So that's the kind of thing, I always thought about that, that how can we get, you know, students in a way not just studying but impassioned about this kind of stuff. And you know what, the answer is I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3234.26,3351.289"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e I could, I've tried a little bit here in New York City when I do trips both for, I mentioned, for a commercial Bike the Big Apple, which is now defunct, and Unlimited Biking, which is the company I've been working for, or the Five Borough Bike Club. I try to impart this idea of that this is history and you see some of the things that are there, and the beauty about it is that historians or anthropologists can actually see something that's there right now. And they see the past in that. They see it, we don't. I look at it. I don't see it. I get it through them. And that's the idea too of people -- one of the questions that you asked me before, where do I see the library going? Hey, I'm not that good at that kind of stuff. I think I just follow up but there are people that can look at something and say, \"hey, this is what I see five years from now, 10 years from now.\" Those are the kind of people that I find really true geniuses, that they can be in the present and look to the future. The people that are here in the present and look back and see the past and see it right there. Historians, anthropologists, they are true geniuses. I don't have that ability. I just, I just follow, I'm a follower but I, I appreciate what they've done and I appreciate how their passion maybe rubbed off a little bit on me so that, that, I appreciate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3353.06,3446.58"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So you mentioned you worked for, you also worked for a couple of bike clubs? Did you do tours?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3448.65,3452.151"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, right now I worked for a couple of years, I'm a licensed New York City tour guide. I took the exam. I passed the test. I got a good grade because a lot of the other guides helped me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3454.12,3466.707"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e What is that like, like a tour guide test?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3467.05,3468.268"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Tour guide -- that New York City, that was probably after the SAT or the GRE, I took them both and I forget, that was probably one of the toughest tests because it's an endurance test. It takes I think about three hours and you're not allowed to leave even if you have to go to the bathroom. I don't think you're allowed to leave and you don't want to leave because you want to finish everything. It's a New York City exam given by the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs. So every guide in New York City, whether you walk and talk, whether you are on a boat, whether you're on a bicycle or anything else, you have to be licensed by the Department of Consumer Affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3470.18,3512.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So that license exam, I took it, some of it is a little bit of rote. For instance, you have to know the streets that you can't put a commercial bus on; so Park Avenue you cannot put a bus on. So what does that mean? Well, if you want to go to some place on Park Avenue like St. Bart's, St. Bartholomew's, you have to park on Lexington, people have to walk over. There's certain regulations that you sort of have to learn. There's other things they'll ask you about the history of New York City. They'll ask a few questions about what's the best way to get to Yankee Stadium. And they might say you know walk, no, take the A train, no,take the D. Ah there you got it, so that that would be the answer. It's multiple choice but usually they give five choices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3512.92,3559.389"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e One might be none of the above, four might be, close, two would say... Here's one for you, that, where did Jackie Kennedy Onassis live on Fifth Avenue? So that one again, you have to study sometimes that kind of stuff. And I remember studying that and they would give like five choices, one would be none of the above. That was wrong. Then they'd give, they'd say, where did she live and they might say, uh, Bell Boulevard in Flushing, New York. Nah. They might say, uh, over Red Hook, Brooklyn, you could eliminate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3559.84,3597.719"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Then they would give you two and they would be very close on the exam. It would be, let's say, something like 960 Fifth Avenue -- Fifth Avenue, of course! That's where Jackie Kennedy Onassis lived overlooking the park. But the other answer would be 1040 Fifth Avenue. So there's, you'd have to really start to think, and that one I think that one I know I got right, because I remember saying to myself, even though Jackie Kennedy Onassis was a nice lady this and that she probably never, ever in her life filed her own tax return, her accountant would do it. So she never filed a 1040 form -- 1040, ah, 1040. That was an easy one so I marked that. There were others that, you know, you almost had to guess at. But it was a long exam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3597.96,3643.049"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So I'm a licensed New York City tour guide. I worked for a company called Bike the Big Apple. That one went belly up but, before it did, it was taken over by another company called Unlimited Biking, which is still existing in New York City. Last Sunday I did a tour. We had 24 Norwegians -- all spoke English so that wasn't a problem. And we had to divide that up into groups of... 24... 12 and 12. I wasn't good at math, and we took them on a, two guides, myself and Johannes, we were independent. We have to do it, you know, because of the size -- if you had 15,16 people that becomes untenable in New York for safety reasons. So we broke it up, and we did basically Central Park touring there, uh, going into Harlem, seeing stuff in Harlem, going into Columbia University, we went up on Univ-, um, Morningside Heights, came back down into Central Park and they had a lunch date at Red Rooster. So we took them for lunch at Red Rooster but we did all the stuff in between. That was a tour. So it's interesting. And the Norwegians, I guess they liked it. They said, oh we had a good tour. So I've done that. And that was for money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3643.29,3720.469"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e However, I do do things that are just pure love, pro bono. We have done, my friend Richard and I, I mentioned him before, we did last year the tour. We're both guides for the same company. So we've done stuff for the Five Borough Bike Club, of which we are members, and that we would do, for instance, a tour we've done, the New York Revolutionary War tour. Very interesting. Very interesting. And I think a lot of it is there and professors here at Queens College like Bobby Wintermute, putting in a plug for Bobby. We talk a little bit about, I've spoken to him about some of this stuff, and through, you know, talking to him and some of the ideas, we put together a tour. Again, it's not for historians, but it's for people that want to bike. So if historians want to come on a bike they're more than welcome, if historians want to do their own and do a dig at let's say 4th Avenue and I think 3rd Street. There was talk that they were doing just last year a building, a Key Food or something at that site, and they were doing a dig there and they thought, they thought they found bones from the Maryland 400. It ended up being a false alarm but right around that area in Brooklyn, around 3rd Avenue, 4th Avenue, 3rd Street, 4th Street, that's where that area was all a marsh area around the Revolution, and that's exactly the area where the Maryland 400 fought off the British to give George Washington enough time to be able to escape and do his famous retreat. So that, the old stone house is the center of that and that's there now. Of course it's been repositioned and totally restored but it is a place that you could go to and it is a focus and it's, it's, it's interesting for as I said people didn't realize how much New York City is involved, was involved with the Revolutionary War and some of those places are still there. Some of the other places, for instance up around Morningside Heights, the famous Battle of Morningside Heights, you can no longer see as far as I know anything that's there except geographically the location of the hills and the flat areas and through there. But interesting, interesting. And I'm not a history major, there you go. You were a history major, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3720.5,3868.583"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. I majored in history in college at SUNY Geneseo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3869.7,3873.593"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e What area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3874.48,3875.48"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e  Just like American history, like I did do more like women's and African-American history. And then I came here for graduate school for the dual degree program in Fall 2015. Which it's, yeah, I didn't, I didn't really, didn't end up continuing with the women's and African-American history. I did, well, I did like library history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3875.63,3906.329"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Women's history is everywhere but New York City is especially, I think, an important place for Black history. Yeah. Lot of interesting stuff and of course the Revolution and the Civil War tied into that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3910.71,3926.9"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you have a specific interest in like war history? Or, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3928.93,3933.541"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh you know I've spoken about that. I think because of the ability to actually see some of those sites, you know, to go there to, to do some of that you know. And you say, well the war part then the war part overlaps with a lot of other stuff. For instance, it ties in, of course, with Black history. whether it was the Revolutionary War, the Civil War or some of the stuff, you know, you'd look at, it's, it's amazing. One of the stuff that happens is those seeds that you plant, either my friend Peter or whatever, the one person plants that idea and it just leads to other things and you're gonna say, well what about this? You know, you go to a place like Antietam and you go to the battlefield and that's where, and I think I'm going to get this right, Clara Barton got going with the Red Cross. Well you say, what was, what was a woman doing at this battlefield? Hey, this is where things got going -- the idea that soldiers, if they're wounded, have to be taken care of. So the Red Cross grew a lot out of the battlefield idea and then someone's going to come across and say oh yeah, how did someone like Clara Barton get started? Why would she put her life at risk when there was no need to do it? Why would something like that ever, ever happen? So then you have to say, well now I got to go along and I've got to see more about Clara Barton. Some of the questions that come up, you talk about again, New York City, you talk about the Howe brothers and these were two brothers that led the invasion in August of 1776. One was in charge of all the naval forces, the biggest naval armada since the Spanish Armada and the biggest one up until D-Day. And Richard Howe led that and then William Howe, his brother, was in charge of all the armies and how these two guys, obviously they would get together, smart guys, but maybe the wind was blowing the wrong way and that's why George Washington was able to evacuate Brooklyn and go to Manhattan. So some of the stuff you see, that would lead me just like the Clara Barton, and the next thing I would say, well why would a guy that was so smart like William Howe delay so much in pursuing George Washington? These are some of the reasons then that, you know even the historians don't know, but certainly a lot has been written about them. And one of the books by William Howe was written by a name I know you know, David Syrett. So this is the kind of thing, this is one of the books that's on my nightstand that I'm looking forward to read, the William Howe book by David Syrett. And as I said he led the invasion of New York City. His brother was the admiral and he was in charge of the invasion. If there was a supreme commander, I guess it would have been William. But this is the kind of thing that one thing leads to another. And why did Clara Barton actually do what she did at the Battle of Antietam? Great question. Read about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=3935.99,4127.039"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e And David Syrett is a professor emeritus at Queens College -- history, in history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4128.04,4133.071"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in history. Here's one of his books. Yes, The Battle of the Nile, August 1st 1798. The pictures by Whitcombe, and David Syrett used it in his book. OK, so he wrote a book about naval invasions and stuff like that. So again, if this were a movie thing, I'd hold it up and you could see David Syrett mentioned and this was cards that his wife, Elena Frangakis-Syrett, had made up and thanking people for all the work they've done working with David, working with her. The library working together with the History Department and that's why I got invited today, because of, the history department and the library working together. I think Rolf, and I go back to Rolf, who is a great example, because not only did he have a Ph.D. in history, he actually taught in the History Department. So he taught here in the library, library courses, he taught what we call bibliographic instruction, I'm sure you know that, but he also taught in the History Department and the course that he worked with very closely in developing, Frank Warren, and I think is now a required course, with Frank Warren. I think it's History 791, which is like the research seminar which now everyone has to take. So, Rolf worked with Frank in setting that up and put in the elements of research into that, in terms of what is doable by students. In other words they didn't want to -- sometimes for a three-credit course, it's not a thesis course, what people would have to go to Washington, D.C. or wherever to follow up on actual primary sources, but certainly other things that could be worked on. I know Rolf worked a lot with the Library of Congress holdings, I know he worked a lot, we had done a project together of some of the sources on Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. So Rolf worked on that with his class and I tied that in working through the library.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4134.68,4259.779"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So it's a very, interesting, because again, if I'm being repetitive, I want to be repetitive! I want to say that this is so important, the library working together with all the different departments. History was one that, you know, I've worked with, haven't worked as closely as Rolf worked with it, and some of the other departments, I don't mention anything about the sciences because we have a science librarian, Subash Gandhi, who works closely with them. It's, you know, impossible to really work closely with all of them because then the problem would be you're spreading yourself too thin, but you certainly want to cover the departments. I worked a lot with accounting, with economics, and they of course, at Queens College that makes up the business component. I've worked with Spanish all these years, and I work now a lot with psychology, because we had to, in a sense, do it when people leave, when we have these downsizings, we couldn't just say, \"Oh well, forget about psychology.\" It is the biggest major here at Queens College, undergraduate major. So that's something we had to work with, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4260.01,4330.539"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah we've been, we've been referring -- this just for the person who's listening in the future. We've been referring to the History Honors reception that we were both, we just happened to both be at, earlier today, and just kind of going along with that, do you as a librarian do you, do you, do you make it a point to show up to these kinds of things or just show up to different departmental events to kind of network with departments, or do you, do you outreach, actively outreach, or do you find that they reach out to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4333.79,4369.27"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh I think it's a combination of both. I think once you know you planted your feet in the department working with them, working with book budgets, a lot of times I would say, you know we get a book budget...P.S. they've been very meager; if you know, if you know Mario Cuomo [New York Governor Andrew Cuomo], tell him to step up funding for CUNY and SUNY, but they've been very meager. But you have to work with the departments I think closely and you try to buy the best books possible. But my feeling almost is if it's not the best book possible but it's something that is going to be used and heavily used, I think that's even more important than -- we want to buy the best, but we have to buy what is going to help with our program. I'm saying we don't, they wouldn't require us to buy the best book, no no, I'm just saying that we have to work closely with the faculty. So excuse me when we buy stuff we have to buy stuff that we feel is appropriate for Queens College and what's going to be used here at Queens College. So, getting to know the faculty, working with them, I think then it becomes a two-way street so that if something like this is happening in the History Department because we've worked with them before, they'll think about, hey let's invite the librarian. Same thing with the Spanish department. I will be at their ceremony after graduation on the 30th of May. The graduation should end by 11, 11:30 and they are having their individual honors and reception or whatever at 12:30, so yes, they have invited me because they felt I was part of the department in the sense that I've done presentations for them, I've worked with them, they worked with me in trying to buy the books that we feel are most appropriate for Queens College and trying to establish the databases that are most appropriate, trying to get the journals that are most appropriate for what they are doing here at Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4369.96,4496.659"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So it ends up becoming a two-way street and at the beginning it's just like, you know, the first time around you don't know anyone -- well, you got to go out and meet people and you got to do stuff and I think you know that means going to meetings, or working with them on different committees through the college that...That happened, I think it's happened a lot with me in the sense that I worked on committees with people. I was the, for two years, no I'm sorry four years, they were four separate one-year terms, I was the chair of the Academic Senate. So again I've worked with people on committees of the Senate, I worked on the executive committee and then working with the, the whole college. That was important. So committees like the undergraduate curriculum committee, the graduate curriculum committee. These are the committees that approve and set up the curricula for all the classes. So these are some of the committees that definitely, I had to work through. I wasn't on them but I worked with them and I got to know the people that are on them and certainly someone from the Spanish department ends up on that committee. You might ask them, \"Hey Alvaro, what do we need to get this to work?\" And he would come back and say, \"OK from the library's point of view this is what we need.\" So those relationships do work. It's good to have new blood in the sense of, you know, new people come in and it's good to sometimes have old farty blood too in the sense because they got to know people and work with them. The ideal would be that as new people come on they transition and they get to know some of the people in the different departments. Talking about the library school I think over the years Izabella Taler and someone you would have worked closely with the library school and as a whole we've worked with the library school in the sense that I know I've taught a couple of courses downstairs, a couple of sections over the years. I think it's 701, I could look it up, but...So we have had librarians that have taught down there, and you know it's an interesting relationship that we have with Colleen Cool, Roberta Brody, [Kwong Bor] Ng, some of those guys, so yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4496.84,4643.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Probably every single day is a little bit different, or is it different? I'm just kind of wondering if you could describe like a typical day in your life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4649.64,4660.319"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, some of the things that, that I do on a typical day would involve for instance as a reference librarian, reference. So we do reference with students for X amount of hours per week. We do, I was mentioning the bibliographic liaison and that we do, there's homework on  that, it's not just all glamour, man. You think it's just, no -- some of it is homework and we have to go through things that I use a lot, I'm looking around at choice cards and I'm looking around at publishers' catalogs and things like that. So, that kind of thing. And some of it becomes a little bit tedious, you know, you have to check to see if we own it, check to see if CUNY owns it, check to see if the price is outlandish or not outlandish compared to what budgets are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4661.58,4719.659"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e So a lot of the process of this liaison not only involves talking to the department but then coming back and placing the orders. A lot of times now we've been doing electronic stuff so we have to work closely with, not that we haven't, but closely with our acquisitions librarian and that of course dovetails now with our acquisitions librarian in CUNY. So CUNY has an Electronic Resources Advisory Committee which is made up, I think right now it's our electronic resources librarian not our acquisitions librarian, but she then would go there and look at the purchase of databases, things like that. So some of the areas that we, for instance with languages, Queens College does a big thing. So there's a database called the Modern Language Association International bibliography. That's something that is a total must for us. Other databases there's one called CINAHL and it has to do something with nursing. Well, we don't teach nursing here. But again this is something that has to be hashed out at this ERAC level that colleges, let's say like Queens, maybe Hunter, Brooklyn, that have big language programs. You have to have that. Other places like City College, Hostos and I think Queensborough that have a nursing program have to have the nursing literature. So it's something that even though we don't use, this is what the ERAC committee would do. They would sit down and hash this kind of stuff out and we would then be giving input to our ERAC person to say, hey MLA, this is something that we've got to have, whether we get it from Gale or we get it from EBSCO. This is something for you guys to work out, which one gives us the better deal. Which one would have maybe more online coverage within their journal database. That's something to be worked out, but the MLA as an example is an absolute minimum necessity. As, for instance, library literature would be for anyone that runs the G.S. -- runs the Graduate Library and Information School. So these are some of the things that we would work out. GSLIS people might say well, why would another school need that? And you're right. Why would another school need it? So maybe that's not as big. However, librarians at other colleges might find it interesting because of the research they are doing, that kind of thing. So that library literature is something that again has been worked out, a package. Some of the other ones that are more general, there's one that, very general, Academic Search Complete maybe took the place of a Reader's Guide, it amplified it a little bit more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4719.96,4884.01"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e But these are some of the things that all CUNY would have to share. Databases, for instance, that would include The New York Times. That's something that all CUNY has to share. So is Nexus Uni or the National Newspaper Index. These are databases that are absolute necessities here at Queens College. So these are some of the things that we would, would be working out through, from individual department-type requests. That would work up to the individual librarian, the individual librarian would try to say, \"OK where can we get this? How can we do it?\" And then working with CUNY ERAC, Electronic Resources Advisory Committee, to try to get the databases that all CUNY would want, and perhaps if not all CUNY would want something, then to make up four or five colleges that would have similar programs -- like for instance, in education I know we're the biggest in Queens. I think that title is held by Lehman in the Bronx, Hunter in Manhattan, and Brooklyn College in Brooklyn. So all those would be very, very interested in databases like the ERIC database. So that's the kind of thing that they would be working out even if all of CUNY did not want it. Certainly, maybe those five, six, seven, throw in City College, would want a package that would take us there. Same thing with business. There might be more advanced business stuff that four or five colleges would want and other colleges would not want. So this is one of the biggest certainly, this area of bibliographic liaison. And as I said it's something that you have to work with. Looking up, or looking across at the different departments you're working with and then looking across at the CUNY resources, working through our electronic resources librarian and our acquisitions librarian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=4884.25,5003.969"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Another big area that I've always been involved with and, maybe, well I certainly enjoyed it,  I thought was the area of bibliographic instruction. I enjoy that part especially because I find it, you know, working with students, presenting the different databases and trying to present it in a way that I certainly would want to get my message across. Some of the stuff I've always felt that, you know, we could be as erudite and as wonderful as we can but if the students don't get it, it doesn't go anywhere. So I would a lot of times try to maybe zero in on what I felt was the most essential part and focus on that. And maybe it was less essential, well maybe not do it, and less essential and less important are two different things. Sometimes you can't cover everything, you have a limited amount of time, and sometimes by covering too much you detract from what you have to cover. So I think it's a thing that I've always tried to zero in on the bibliographic instruction part -- as I said, I've enjoyed that part, I've enjoyed trying to do that and it's something that you try to set at the particular level. A lot of times, for instance, if you have a class and the question comes up, you know, or even a reference question, a student might want stuff about Goya. You say, Oh Goya, OK, is that about the beans or is that about the artist? And that might be a good starting off point for bibliographic instruction, if you're doing bibliographic instruction about Goya, and it's about the beans then, you know, maybe you would want a business database and if it's about Goya the artist, then you might want an art database. And if they're not sure, well, what else? Then you might want to do a very multidisciplinary database. And the one I suggested before was like the old days, would be Reader's Guide. Right now my equivalent for that would be Academic Search Complete, which would do a little bit of everything; maybe nothing in depth or the depth you would need if you're doing a master's project on Goya the artist. But it would certainly give you preliminary stuff both at a magazine level and a journal level, preliminary, on Goya, and the same thing if it were the beans, certainly you could get a few articles on Goya the company and you can get a few things, a journal article maybe telling how Goya is one of the biggest companies, certainly I think it's the biggest Hispanic-owned company in the United States. I mean these are the kinds of things that would determine, and the bibliographic instruction I think should be geared at that level. You don't want to do stuff at the Goya level for artist when you're talking about the beans and you don't want to do the opposite either. So I think it's good that you know, you want to do something, focus it and then try to especially look at that focus that you're giving and the class works that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5005.24,5197.91"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh it's difficult, I agree. Sometimes people at different levels have different ways you know, their reception or whatever, well, that's maybe why we have the reference desk. If someone didn't understand something, you follow up. If it wasn't deep enough, or complex enough, my presentation for someone that needed it, that's why we have the reference desk and to take it one step further, that's why we have a whole art library. If you're doing Goya the artist, and I certainly am not an expert in it, although I do have a Goya painting up there. OK. That's what you'd want to do is follow up. So I think the idea too is that the classes have to be geared towards the group that you're doing. And I've always, all the years I've been here and even at the College in New Rochelle, that was one of my favorite areas, bibliographic instruction, and trying to get the students in that class at the level that they need for that particular class with materials. So that was always interesting. So I don't know how many things I've covered now, I covered the reference aspect, I've covered the bilbliographic liaison, working with departments aspect, I've covered the bibliographic instruction part, which is librarians in a college setting, we do a lot. Then the other thing too is working with committees, whether it's a college, a departmental committee. We have a few committees here. I've worked on those. And then there's committees that are college-wide, and certainly the Academic Senate is probably one of those. I've been with the Senate ever since I've been here working in some capacity. And then there's the uh CUNY-wide committees. LACUNY, for instance -- the Library Association of the City University of New York -- is a CUNY-wide committee where we're looking at different functions within CUNY; it might be broken up as reference, it might be broken up as electronic resources, and CUNY does that. And then of course at the more national level there's the ALA, the American Library Association, and a lot of times too they break up along those lines. ACRL looks more at academic libraries. The Freedom to Read Foundation is across the board. It could be with public libraries but it also could go up to the academic library level. So service, there's a component of service to the department, service to the college and service to the profession and all those three would have components that you could realize whether it's at the ALA level, at the LACUNY level or at the college department level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5198.4,5375.56"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e And I think really what happens is that a librarian should have his or her fingers in a few of those pies. Not everything, because you're limited, but certainly maybe do something on campus. Certainly do something either at the LACUNY level or the ALA level because that brings you into contact with certain other things. So a lot of it could be, you know, where your interests lie, how you feel that you most want to spend the time you have. But I think it's important that you do spend it in a few different areas. If you do just one thing, it's very limiting. If everything you do is at the national level, yeah, but you don't get to build up that rapport, that working with people at different levels here at the college. You don't get to work with people like Frank Warren, Elena Frangakis-Syrett, from the History Department, and that's important too. It's not just working at that level. So you do sometimes have to spread yourself a little bit thin, but I think that's part of the component. And those are the components that, by the way, the college is judging you on. So the college is judging you on service to the college, service to the department, service to the profession. They're judging you on librarianship, and librarianship is made up of all these factors, and they're judging you also on publications. So all those components make up what you have to do. So to do a little bit of each is good in the sense that if there were a checklist, you could check off each one, say yes, check, check, check. I've done this, I've done that, I've tried to do my best in this area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5375.86,5481.109"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e So, we are running a little out of time, but I did want to ask just, if there's anything else you wanted to add to this interview?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5490.429,5501.04"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e You know I was looking at some notes that I had over here and I think I really covered everything that I would want to cover. You know, some of the stuff, challenges facing librarians, sure, I think I've talked a little bit about that as we look into the future and some of the stuff. I think the most, most of us could do is look maybe, most and that's really good, people look five years into the future, after that is just too tenuous. Then you gotta go to the thinkers, those people that are paid and those geniuses that you know all they do is sit in a cocoon or whatever they sit in, and think and stuff like that. Yeah it's, it's almost impossible, certainly for me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5502.66,5553.5"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Will you stay involved with Queens College after you retire?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5555.95,5560.88"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, one of the things I was already approached by the QC Retirees Association, David Speidel is the chief on that. So, yeah, I told Dave, I gave my address, so that that's certainly. I still have a year left on the University Faculty Senate so that even though, let's say, my plan is June 30th would be my last day. But I would take July and August off as vacation. A lot of people do that, and then I would be on what they call a Travia leave, that's -- Travia was a bill that was put in that SUNY and CUNY employees, and I'm not sure if others, we would get half of our sick time. And that would probably start around September 1st so technically, I'm on the books till maybe the beginning of the year which would, let's say January 2020 and I refer to that time, January 2020, as when I would be on -- yeah, because I would still be employed by Queens College, whether I'm employed being here, or employed as vacation time, or employed as sick time, and sick time translates half of your sick time is paid to you. That would translate into that. So I would, even though June 30th might be my last day, I would still be on the books into January of  2020. So I use 2020 as my eventual date -- 35 years and 45 years in the profession. Give or take a few months, that's OK, don't worry about it.  At 45 years you don't, you don't argue about that. So yeah. So no, I still see myself involved in Queens College and I would see myself still involved in using their resources because we do get, my ID card, whatever it is, becomes a retiree's card and some of the stuff that even though I could use at the public library I might want to use here because of faster service or whatever. Yeah. So no, and I live here close by. So it'd be just as easy sometimes for me to come here as it would to go to the Bayside branch of the Queens Library, to come here to Queens College.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5561.81,5695.369"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess the last -- what are you going to, what are you going to miss about this place and what are you not going to miss about working here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5699.2,5704.12"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, one of the things, one of the things I will miss is that I have to be up every day, let's say at 9 o'clock or whatever. Last night I got in very late from the UFS, I didn't get in till about 10, 10:30, and then I had to drink something, whatever and then calm, not calm down, what do you call that? Chill a little bit before going to bed. And then I had to be up today and I had to be here so that like turnaround time was very, very, little. So that I won't have to, you know, if I'm out late I don't have to turn around and be here, so that I certainly won't miss. I guess the thing I would miss the most is you know working with some of the people I've worked with for a long time, and I know there's been turnover there, and working with some of the people that either long term, I've known them, or short term. I think I'll miss those interactions, and you'll say, oh yeah, will I miss everybody? No, there's some people I'll be happy not to ever see again in my life. It's, you know, that, that, that happens too. That's just the way things work out. So I guess I'm sad because of those people that I maybe won't see as much. And you know things happen, you start going in a different direction. You know, you can't be here if you're in Tennessee and stuff like that but that's, you know, things happen that way. So I probably say a lot of times, you know, the people that have been here, I would most miss.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5708.98,5795.327"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e Great. Anything else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5803.209,5804.209"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Gee, I think I've covered everything. I know we have to do the disclaimer right?  Do we have to do that on tape or that, that we do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5804.529,5811.35"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, I think that's it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5812.66,5813.97"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e No I really said, I think everything I have to say. And thanks for not coughing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5815.27,5819.933"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Regina Carra:\u003c/strong\u003e No problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5824.56,5825.56"},{"id":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530/transcript/20653/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Manny Sanudo:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://queenslibrary.aviaryplatform.com/collections/150/collection_resources/31809/file/100530#t=5825.68,5826.121"}]}]}]}